"""Comprehensive tests for GeoNames lookup functionality."""

import pytest
from pathlib import Path

from glam_extractor.geocoding.geonames_lookup import (
    GeoNamesDB,
    CityInfo,
)


class TestCityInfo:
    """Test CityInfo data class."""
    
    def test_get_abbreviation_simple(self):
        """Test abbreviation generation for simple city names."""
        city = CityInfo(
            geonames_id=2759794,
            name="Amsterdam",
            ascii_name="Amsterdam",
            country_code="NL",
            admin1_code="NH",
            admin1_name="North Holland",
            admin2_code=None,
            latitude=52.37403,
            longitude=4.88969,
            feature_code="PPLC",
            population=741636,
            elevation=13,
            timezone="Europe/Amsterdam"
        )
        assert city.get_abbreviation() == "AMS"
    
    def test_get_abbreviation_with_space(self):
        """Test abbreviation for city with space (The Hague)."""
        city = CityInfo(
            geonames_id=2747373,
            name="The Hague",
            ascii_name="The Hague",
            country_code="NL",
            admin1_code="ZH",
            admin1_name="South Holland",
            admin2_code=None,
            latitude=52.07667,
            longitude=4.29861,
            feature_code="PPLA",
            population=474292,
            elevation=1,
            timezone="Europe/Amsterdam"
        )
        assert city.get_abbreviation() == "THE"
    
    def test_get_abbreviation_with_apostrophe_and_hyphen(self):
        """Test abbreviation for 's-Hertogenbosch (strips special chars)."""
        city = CityInfo(
            geonames_id=2747351,
            name="'s-Hertogenbosch",
            ascii_name="'s-Hertogenbosch",
            country_code="NL",
            admin1_code="NB",
            admin1_name="North Brabant",
            admin2_code=None,
            latitude=51.69917,
            longitude=5.30417,
            feature_code="PPLA",
            population=134520,
            elevation=7,
            timezone="Europe/Amsterdam"
        )
        # Should skip apostrophe and hyphen, take first 3 letters: S-H-E
        assert city.get_abbreviation() == "SHE"
    
    def test_get_abbreviation_accented_chars(self):
        """Test abbreviation for cities with accents (São Paulo)."""
        city = CityInfo(
            geonames_id=3448439,
            name="São Paulo",
            ascii_name="Sao Paulo",
            country_code="BR",
            admin1_code="27",
            admin1_name="São Paulo",
            admin2_code=None,
            latitude=-23.5475,
            longitude=-46.63611,
            feature_code="PPLA",
            population=10021295,
            elevation=760,
            timezone="America/Sao_Paulo"
        )
        assert city.get_abbreviation() == "SAO"


class TestGeoNamesDB:
    """Test GeoNamesDB database interface."""
    
    @pytest.fixture
    def db(self):
        """Create GeoNamesDB instance."""
        # Uses default path (data/reference/geonames.db)
        return GeoNamesDB()
    
    def test_init_default_path(self, db):
        """Test database initialization with default path."""
        assert db.conn is not None
        assert db.db_path.exists()
    
    def test_init_invalid_path(self):
        """Test database initialization with invalid path raises error."""
        with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError):
            GeoNamesDB(db_path=Path("/nonexistent/path.db"))
    
    def test_lookup_city_simple(self, db):
        """Test basic city lookup."""
        city = db.lookup_city("Amsterdam", "NL")
        assert city is not None
        assert city.name == "Amsterdam"
        assert city.country_code == "NL"
        assert city.admin1_code == "07"  # GeoNames numeric code for North Holland
        assert city.admin1_name == "North Holland"
        assert city.geonames_id == 2759794
    
    def test_lookup_city_case_insensitive(self, db):
        """Test city lookup is case-insensitive."""
        city1 = db.lookup_city("Amsterdam", "NL")
        city2 = db.lookup_city("amsterdam", "NL")
        city3 = db.lookup_city("AMSTERDAM", "NL")
        
        assert city1 is not None
        assert city2 is not None
        assert city3 is not None
        assert city1.geonames_id == city2.geonames_id == city3.geonames_id
    
    def test_lookup_city_not_found(self, db):
        """Test lookup of non-existent city returns None."""
        city = db.lookup_city("NonExistentCity", "NL")
        assert city is None
    
    def test_lookup_city_wrong_country(self, db):
        """Test lookup with wrong country code returns None."""
        city = db.lookup_city("Amsterdam", "FR")
        assert city is None
    
    def test_admin1_name_from_city(self, db):
        """Test that admin1_name is populated from city lookup."""
        city = db.lookup_city("Amsterdam", "NL")
        assert city is not None
        assert city.admin1_name == "North Holland"
    
    def test_admin1_name_multiple_cities(self, db):
        """Test admin1_name for multiple cities in different provinces."""
        cities = [
            ("Amsterdam", "North Holland"),
            ("Rotterdam", "South Holland"),
            ("Utrecht", "Utrecht"),
        ]
        for city_name, expected_province in cities:
            city = db.lookup_city(city_name, "NL")
            assert city is not None
            assert city.admin1_name == expected_province


class TestGeoNamesLookup:
    """Test GeoNamesDB high-level interface."""
    
    @pytest.fixture
    def lookup(self):
        """Create GeoNamesDB instance."""
        return GeoNamesDB()
    
    def test_dutch_cities(self, lookup):
        """Test lookups for major Dutch cities."""
        cities = {
            "Amsterdam": "AMS",
            "Rotterdam": "ROT",
            "The Hague": "THE",
            "Utrecht": "UTR",
            "Eindhoven": "EIN",
            "Groningen": "GRO",
            "Tilburg": "TIL",
            "Almere Stad": "ALM",  # Almere is "Almere Stad" in GeoNames
            "Breda": "BRE",
            "Nijmegen": "NIJ",
        }
        
        for city_name, expected_abbr in cities.items():
            city = lookup.lookup_city(city_name, "NL")
            assert city is not None, f"{city_name} not found"
            assert city.get_abbreviation() == expected_abbr, \
                f"{city_name}: expected {expected_abbr}, got {city.get_abbreviation()}"
    
    def test_dutch_aliases(self, lookup):
        """Test Dutch city name aliases."""
        # Den Haag → The Hague
        city = lookup.lookup_city("Den Haag", "NL")
        assert city is not None
        assert city.get_abbreviation() == "THE"
        assert city.name == "The Hague"
        
        # Den Bosch → 's-Hertogenbosch
        city = lookup.lookup_city("Den Bosch", "NL")
        assert city is not None
        assert city.get_abbreviation() == "SHE"
        assert city.name == "'s-Hertogenbosch"
    
    def test_global_cities(self, lookup):
        """Test lookups for major global cities."""
        cities = {
            ("Paris", "FR"): "PAR",
            ("London", "GB"): "LON",
            ("Tokyo", "JP"): "TOK",
            ("New York", "US"): "NEW",
            ("Berlin", "DE"): "BER",
            ("Madrid", "ES"): "MAD",
            ("Rome", "IT"): "ROM",
            ("Rio de Janeiro", "BR"): "RIO",
            ("Sydney", "AU"): "SYD",
            ("Toronto", "CA"): "TOR",
        }
        
        for (city_name, country), expected_abbr in cities.items():
            city = lookup.lookup_city(city_name, country)
            assert city is not None, f"{city_name}, {country} not found"
            assert city.get_abbreviation() == expected_abbr, \
                f"{city_name}: expected {expected_abbr}, got {city.get_abbreviation()}"
    
    def test_cities_with_special_characters(self, lookup):
        """Test cities with apostrophes, hyphens, and accents."""
        # 's-Hertogenbosch (NL)
        city = lookup.lookup_city("'s-Hertogenbosch", "NL")
        assert city is not None
        assert city.get_abbreviation() == "SHE"
        
        # São Paulo (BR)
        city = lookup.lookup_city("Sao Paulo", "BR")
        assert city is not None
        assert city.get_abbreviation() == "SAO"
    
    def test_cities_with_parentheticals(self, lookup):
        """Test city names with parenthetical notes."""
        # Dutch dataset often has "(Ov.)" etc. - should be stripped
        city = lookup.lookup_city("Zwolle (Ov.)", "NL")
        assert city is not None
        assert city.name == "Zwolle"
        
        city = lookup.lookup_city("Groningen (Gr.)", "NL")
        assert city is not None
        assert city.name == "Groningen"
    
    def test_whitespace_normalization(self, lookup):
        """Test that leading/trailing whitespace is handled."""
        city1 = lookup.lookup_city("  Amsterdam  ", "NL")
        city2 = lookup.lookup_city("Amsterdam", "NL")
        
        assert city1 is not None
        assert city2 is not None
        assert city1.geonames_id == city2.geonames_id
    
    def test_province_code_lookups(self, lookup):
        """Test admin1 code and name lookups (GeoNames numeric codes)."""
        provinces = {
            # GeoNames uses numeric codes, not ISO 3166-2
            ("Amsterdam", "NL"): ("07", "North Holland"),
            ("Rotterdam", "NL"): ("11", "South Holland"),
            ("The Hague", "NL"): ("11", "South Holland"),
            ("Utrecht", "NL"): ("09", "Utrecht"),
            ("Groningen", "NL"): ("04", "Groningen"),
            ("Maastricht", "NL"): ("05", "Limburg"),
        }
        
        for (city_name, country), (expected_code, expected_name) in provinces.items():
            city = lookup.lookup_city(city_name, country)
            assert city is not None, f"{city_name} not found"
            assert city.admin1_code == expected_code, \
                f"{city_name}: expected code {expected_code}, got {city.admin1_code}"
            assert city.admin1_name == expected_name, \
                f"{city_name}: expected name {expected_name}, got {city.admin1_name}"
    
    def test_caching(self, lookup):
        """Test that repeated lookups are cached."""
        # First lookup
        city1 = lookup.lookup_city("Amsterdam", "NL")
        
        # Second lookup (should be cached)
        city2 = lookup.lookup_city("Amsterdam", "NL")
        
        # Should return same object (identity check)
        assert city1 is city2


class TestEdgeCases:
    """Test edge cases and known issues."""
    
    @pytest.fixture
    def lookup(self):
        """Create GeoNamesDB instance."""
        return GeoNamesDB()
    
    def test_missing_dutch_cities(self, lookup):
        """Test the 6 known missing Dutch cities."""
        # These cities are not in GeoNames (1.6% of ISIL registry)
        missing_cities = [
            "Avereest",           # Typo or very small locality
            "IJsselsein",         # Typo: should be IJsselstein
            "Kralendijk",         # Bonaire (Caribbean, BQ not NL)
            "Selingen",           # Tiny village
            "s-Heerenberg",       # Should have apostrophe
            "St. Annaparochie",   # Missing from GeoNames
        ]
        
        for city_name in missing_cities:
            city = lookup.lookup_city(city_name, "NL")
            assert city is None, f"{city_name} should not be found"
    
    def test_alternative_spellings(self, lookup):
        """Test that we handle common alternative spellings."""
        # 's-Hertogenbosch variations
        variations = [
            "'s-Hertogenbosch",
            "s-Hertogenbosch",
            "'s Hertogenbosch",
            "Den Bosch",
        ]
        
        for variant in variations:
            city = lookup.lookup_city(variant, "NL")
            assert city is not None, f"{variant} should be found"
            assert city.get_abbreviation() == "SHE"
    
    def test_bonaire_caribbean_territory(self, lookup):
        """Test that Bonaire cities use BQ country code, not NL."""
        # Kralendijk is in Bonaire (BQ), not Netherlands (NL)
        city = lookup.lookup_city("Kralendijk", "BQ")
        # This might still be None if BQ cities aren't in GeoNames
        # Just documenting the correct country code
        if city:
            assert city.country_code == "BQ"


class TestSearchAndQuery:
    """Test search and query methods."""
    
    @pytest.fixture
    def db(self):
        """Create GeoNamesDB instance."""
        return GeoNamesDB()
    
    def test_search_cities_with_pattern(self, db):
        """Test search_cities with wildcard pattern."""
        # Search for Amsterdam*
        results = db.search_cities("Amsterdam%", "NL", limit=5)
        assert len(results) > 0
        assert all(city.name.startswith("Amsterdam") for city in results)
        assert all(city.country_code == "NL" for city in results)
    
    def test_search_cities_without_country(self, db):
        """Test search_cities across all countries."""
        results = db.search_cities("Paris%", limit=10)
        assert len(results) > 0
        # Should find Paris in France and possibly other countries
        assert any(city.country_code == "FR" for city in results)
    
    def test_search_cities_ordered_by_population(self, db):
        """Test that search results are ordered by population."""
        results = db.search_cities("Amsterdam%", "NL", limit=5)
        if len(results) > 1:
            # Check that populations are in descending order
            populations = [city.population for city in results if city.population]
            assert populations == sorted(populations, reverse=True)
    
    def test_get_cities_by_country(self, db):
        """Test get_cities_by_country for Netherlands."""
        cities = db.get_cities_by_country("NL", min_population=100000, limit=20)
        assert len(cities) > 0
        assert all(city.country_code == "NL" for city in cities)
        assert all(city.population is None or city.population >= 100000 for city in cities)
    
    def test_get_cities_by_country_ordered(self, db):
        """Test that get_cities_by_country returns cities ordered by population."""
        cities = db.get_cities_by_country("NL", min_population=0, limit=10)
        assert len(cities) > 0
        # Check descending population order (ignoring None values)
        populations = [city.population for city in cities if city.population]
        assert populations == sorted(populations, reverse=True)
    
    def test_get_city_abbreviation_convenience(self, db):
        """Test get_city_abbreviation convenience method."""
        # Test standard 3-letter codes (without disambiguation)
        abbr = db.get_city_abbreviation("Amsterdam", "NL", use_disambiguation=False)
        assert abbr == "AMS"
        
        abbr = db.get_city_abbreviation("Tokyo", "JP", use_disambiguation=False)
        assert abbr == "TOK"
    
    def test_get_city_abbreviation_not_found(self, db):
        """Test get_city_abbreviation returns None for missing cities."""
        abbr = db.get_city_abbreviation("NonExistentCity", "XX")
        assert abbr is None
    
    def test_get_stats(self, db):
        """Test database statistics retrieval."""
        stats = db.get_stats()
        
        # Check expected keys
        assert 'total_cities' in stats
        assert 'total_countries' in stats
        assert 'top_countries' in stats
        assert 'db_path' in stats
        assert 'db_size_mb' in stats
        
        # Check reasonable values
        assert stats['total_cities'] > 1000000  # Should have millions of cities
        assert stats['total_countries'] > 200   # GeoNames covers 247 countries
        assert len(stats['top_countries']) == 10
        assert stats['db_size_mb'] > 0
        
        # Top countries should be tuples of (code, count)
        for country_code, count in stats['top_countries']:
            assert isinstance(country_code, str)
            assert isinstance(count, int)
            assert len(country_code) == 2  # ISO alpha-2
            assert count > 0


class TestPerformance:
    """Test performance characteristics."""
    
    @pytest.fixture
    def lookup(self):
        """Create GeoNamesDB instance."""
        return GeoNamesDB()
    
    def test_batch_lookups_fast(self, lookup):
        """Test that batch lookups are fast (thanks to caching)."""
        import time
        
        cities = [
            ("Amsterdam", "NL"),
            ("Rotterdam", "NL"),
            ("The Hague", "NL"),
            ("Utrecht", "NL"),
            ("Eindhoven", "NL"),
        ] * 10  # 50 lookups total
        
        start = time.time()
        for city_name, country in cities:
            lookup.lookup_city(city_name, country)
        elapsed = time.time() - start
        
        # 50 lookups should take < 100ms (with caching, most are instant)
        assert elapsed < 0.1, f"Batch lookups took {elapsed:.3f}s (expected < 0.1s)"
    
    def test_unique_lookups_reasonable(self, lookup):
        """Test that even uncached lookups are reasonably fast."""
        import time
        
        # 20 unique Dutch cities (uncached)
        cities = [
            "Amsterdam", "Rotterdam", "The Hague", "Utrecht", "Eindhoven",
            "Tilburg", "Groningen", "Almere", "Breda", "Nijmegen",
            "Enschede", "Haarlem", "Arnhem", "Zaanstad", "Amersfoort",
            "Apeldoorn", "Hoofddorp", "Maastricht", "Leiden", "Dordrecht",
        ]
        
        start = time.time()
        for city_name in cities:
            lookup.lookup_city(city_name, "NL")
        elapsed = time.time() - start
        
        # 20 unique lookups should take < 200ms from SQLite
        assert elapsed < 0.2, f"20 unique lookups took {elapsed:.3f}s (expected < 0.2s)"


class TestDatabaseLifecycle:
    """Test database connection lifecycle."""
    
    def test_close_connection(self):
        """Test explicit connection closing."""
        db = GeoNamesDB()
        assert db.conn is not None
        
        # Close connection
        db.close()
        
        # Connection should be closed
        # (can't easily test this without triggering an exception)
    
    def test_context_manager_style(self):
        """Test that database can be used and cleaned up properly."""
        db = GeoNamesDB()
        city = db.lookup_city("Amsterdam", "NL")
        assert city is not None
        
        # Cleanup
        del db  # Should trigger __del__ and close connection