id: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/class/Collection name: collection_class title: Collection Class prefixes: linkml: https://w3id.org/linkml/ hc: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/ crm: http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/ rico: https://www.ica.org/standards/RiC/ontology# bf: http://id.loc.gov/ontologies/bibframe/ dcterms: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ premis: http://www.loc.gov/premis/rdf/v3/ prov: http://www.w3.org/ns/prov# schema: http://schema.org/ skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# wd: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/ edm: http://www.europeana.eu/schemas/edm/ default_prefix: hc imports: - linkml:types - ../slots/20260202_matang/new/custodial_history - ../slots/20260202_matang/has_content - ../slots/20260202_matang/has_description - ../slots/20260202_matang/identified_by - ../slots/20260202_matang/has_label - ../slots/20260202_matang/has_policy - ../slots/20260202_matang/has_provenance - ../slots/20260202_matang/has_quantity - ../slots/20260202_matang/has_score - ../slots/20260202_matang/has_type - ../slots/20260202_matang/acquired_through - ../slots/20260202_matang/categorized_as - ../slots/20260202_matang/instantiated_by - ../slots/20260202_matang/part_of - ../slots/20260202_matang/new/item - ../slots/20260202_matang/new/part_of_custodian_collection - ../slots/20260202_matang/new/record_set_type - ../slots/20260202_matang/temporal_extent # - ./CurationActivity classes: Collection: class_uri: rico:RecordSet description: "Specific, inventoried heritage holdings with fine-grained cataloguing detail.\n\n**CRITICAL DISTINCTION**:\n\n| CustodianCollection | Collection (THIS CLASS) |\n|---------------------|------------------------|\n| Abstract/nominal reference | Specific, catalogued holdings |\n| Entire collection of a Custodian | Individual fonds, series, or named collections |\n| Vague (\"the museum's collection\") | Precise (\"the Van Gogh correspondence collection\") |\n| Top-level container | Nested within CustodianCollection |\n| crm:E78_Curated_Holding | rico:RecordSet |\n\n1. **RiC-O (Records in Contexts)**:\n - `rico:RecordSet` - \"A record set is a group of record(s), made and/or assembled\n by one or more agent(s), characterized by a common provenance and/or by being\n received/maintained by the same custodian.\"\n - Enables: series, fonds, sub-fonds, sub-series hierarchies\n - Properties: rico:hasRecordSetType, rico:hasExtent, rico:hasTemporalCoverage\n\n2. **CIDOC-CRM**:\n\ \ - Close mapping to crm:E78_Curated_Holding (at specific level)\n - crm:E24_Physical_Human-Made_Thing for physical collections\n\n3. **BIBFRAME**:\n - bf:Collection for library special collections\n - bf:Item for individual physical items within\n\n4. **Europeana Data Model**:\n - edm:ProvidedCHO for cultural heritage objects\n - edm:hasView for digital representations\n\n**HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE**:\n\n```\nCustodian (hub)\n \u2502\n \u2514\u2500\u2500 CustodianCollection (aspect - abstract/nominal)\n \u2502\n \u2514\u2500\u2500 Collection (THIS CLASS - specific holdings)\n \u251C\u2500\u2500 CollectionType (classification)\n \u251C\u2500\u2500 AccessPolicy (access restrictions)\n \u251C\u2500\u2500 has_sub_collection \u2192 Collection[] (nested hierarchy)\n \u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 Collection (sub-fonds, series, etc.)\n \u2514\u2500\u2500 items \u2192 ExhibitedObject[] (individual\ \ objects)\n```\n\n**USE CASES**:\n\n1. **Archival Fonds**:\n ```yaml\n Collection:\n collection_name: \"Records of the Dutch East India Company (VOC)\"\n collection_type: FONDS\n record_set_type: rico:Fonds\n extent: \"1,250 linear meters\"\n temporal_coverage: \"1602-1799\"\n provenance: \"Dutch East India Company (VOC)\"\n ```\n\n2. **Museum Named Collection**:\n ```yaml\n Collection:\n collection_name: \"Drucker-Fraser Collection\"\n collection_type: NAMED_COLLECTION\n extent: \"125 artworks\"\n acquisition_method: \"Bequest (1937)\"\n access_policy: OPEN_ACCESS\n ```\n\n3. **Library Special Collection**:\n ```yaml\n Collection:\n collection_name: \"Medieval Manuscripts Collection\"\n collection_type: SPECIAL_COLLECTION\n bf_collection_type: bf:Collection\n extent: \"342 manuscripts, 12th-15th century\"\n temporal_coverage: \"1100-1500\"\n ```\n\n**PROVENANCE TRACKING**:\n\nCollection provenance is\ \ tracked through:\n- `provenance_statement` - Narrative provenance description\n- `custodial_history` - Chain of custody\n- `acquisition_method` - How acquired (purchase, donation, transfer, bequest)\n- `acquisition_date` - When acquired\n- `acquisition_source` - From whom acquired\n\n**ACCESS CONTROL**:\n\nCollections link to AccessPolicy for:\n- Open access (publicly available)\n- Restricted access (researchers only)\n- Closed access (temporary closure, embargo)\n- Partial access (portions available)\n" exact_mappings: - rico:RecordSet - wikidata:Q2668072 close_mappings: - crm:E78_Curated_Holding - bf:Collection - edm:ProvidedCHO related_mappings: slots: - acquired_through - has_description - identified_by - has_label - categorized_as - custodial_history - has_type - instantiated_by - has_quantity - item - part_of - part_of_custodian_collection - has_provenance - record_set_type - has_score - has_content - temporal_extent slot_usage: identified_by: # range: string # uriorcurie inlined: false # Fixed invalid inline for primitive type required: true identifier: true instantiated_by: range: DigitalInstantiation multivalued: true inlined: true examples: - value: has_status: has_label: PARTIAL has_url: url_value: https://www.nationaalarchief.nl/onderzoeken/archief/1.04.02/download has_label: range: Label inlined: true required: true examples: - value: has_label: Records of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) has_description: # range: string inlined: false # Fixed invalid inline for primitive type required: false multivalued: true inlined_as_list: false # Fixed invalid inline for primitive type examples: - value: description_text: The VOC archives comprise the administrative records of the Dutch East India Company from its founding in 1602 until its dissolution in 1799. The fonds includes correspondence, resolutions, journals, accounts, ship's logs, and maps documenting trade relations across Asia. description_type: collection_description record_set_type: # range: string # uriorcurie examples: - value: rico:Fonds has_quantity: range: integer examples: - value: 125 has_content: # range: string multivalued: true inlined_as_list: false # Fixed invalid inline for primitive type examples: - value: has_label: VOC Trade Records temporal_extent: begin_of_the_begin: '1602-01-01' end_of_the_end: '1799-12-31' categorized_as: # range: string # uriorcurie multivalued: true required: true examples: - value: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/collection-type/fonds has_provenance: required: false range: Provenance inlined: true examples: - value: has_description: - description_text: The VOC archives were transferred to the Dutch state upon the company's dissolution in 1799. They were initially held by the Ministry of Colonies, then transferred to the Algemeen Rijksarchief (now Nationaal Archief) in 1856. description_type: provenance_statement custodial_history: # range: string multivalued: true examples: - value: - Dutch East India Company (1602-1799) - Ministry of Colonies (1799-1856) - Algemeen Rijksarchief (1856-2002) - Nationaal Archief (2002-present) acquired_through: range: AcquisitionEvent multivalued: true inlined: true examples: - value: has_origin: has_label: Ministry of Colonies has_method: has_label: TRANSFER temporal_extent: begin_of_the_begin: '1856-01-01' has_policy: # range: string examples: - value: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/access-policy/open-access part_of: range: Collection examples: - value: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/collection/nationaal-archief-voc-fonds item: range: ExhibitedObject multivalued: true inlined: false examples: - value: - https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/object/mauritshuis-girl-pearl-earring part_of_custodian_collection: # range: string # CustodianCollection required: true examples: - value: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/custodian-collection/nationaal-archief temporal_extent: range: TimeSpan inlined: true required: false examples: - value: begin_of_the_begin: '1856-01-01' has_type: equals_expression: '["hc:GalleryType", "hc:LibraryType", "hc:ArchiveOrganizationType", "hc:MuseumType", "hc:BioCustodianType", "hc:HolySacredSiteType"]' comments: - Collection represents SPECIFIC, CATALOGUED holdings (not abstract nominal references) - Distinct from CustodianCollection which is abstract/nominal - Enables fine-grained description using RiC-O, CIDOC-CRM, BIBFRAME ontologies - "Supports hierarchical nesting (fonds \u2192 series \u2192 sub-series)" - Links to CollectionType for classification and AccessPolicy for access control - Provenance tracking includes custodial_history, acquisition_method, has_acquisition_source - finding_aids replaces the simple finding_aid_url slot (2025-12-09) - items slot links to ExhibitedObject[] for individual collection objects (2026-01) - curation_activities slot links to CurationActivity[] for ongoing management (2026-01) see_also: - https://www.ica.org/standards/RiC/ontology#RecordSet - http://www.cidoc-crm.org/html/cidoc_crm_v7.1.3.html#E78 examples: - value: identified_by: identifier_value: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/collection/nationaal-archief-voc-fonds has_label: has_label: Records of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) has_description: - description_text: The VOC archives comprise the administrative records of the Dutch East India Company from its founding in 1602 until its dissolution in 1799. description_type: collection_description record_set_type: rico:Fonds has_content: categorized_as: - https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/collection-type/fonds - Colonial trade - Maritime history - Dutch East Indies has_provenance: has_description: - description_text: Transferred to the Dutch state upon the company's dissolution in 1799. description_type: provenance_statement acquired_through: - has_origin: has_label: Ministry of Colonies has_method: has_label: TRANSFER temporal_extent: begin_of_the_begin: '1856-01-01' has_policy: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/access-policy/open-access part_of_custodian_collection: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/custodian-collection/nationaal-archief annotations: specificity_score: 0.1 specificity_rationale: Generic utility class/slot created during migration custodian_types: "['*']"