#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
Transform crawl4ai_enrichment data into proper digital_platform YAML structure.

This script processes custodian YAML files that have crawl4ai_enrichment data
and creates/updates the digital_platform block conforming to the LinkML schema.

Schema Reference:
- DigitalPlatform: schemas/20251121/linkml/modules/classes/DigitalPlatform.yaml
- AuxiliaryDigitalPlatform: schemas/20251121/linkml/modules/classes/AuxiliaryDigitalPlatform.yaml
- DigitalPlatformTypeEnum: schemas/20251121/linkml/modules/enums/DigitalPlatformTypeEnum.yaml

Usage:
    python scripts/transform_crawl4ai_to_digital_platform.py [--dry-run] [--file FILE]
"""

import argparse
import logging
import re
import sys
from collections import defaultdict
from datetime import datetime, timezone
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any
from urllib.parse import unquote, urlparse

import yaml

# Configure logging
logging.basicConfig(
    level=logging.INFO,
    format='%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s',
    handlers=[
        logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout),
        logging.FileHandler(f'logs/transform_digital_platform_{datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")}.log')
    ]
)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


# Mapping from crawl4ai detected_catalog_urls type to DigitalPlatformTypeEnum
# and to the appropriate slot (collection_web_addresses or inventory_web_addresses)
CATALOG_TYPE_MAPPING = {
    # Image collections → collection_web_addresses
    'beeldbank': {
        'platform_types': ['PHOTOGRAPH_COLLECTION'],
        'slot': 'collection_web_addresses',
        'description': 'Image/photograph collection'
    },
    # Genealogy → collection_web_addresses (specialized database)
    'genealogie': {
        'platform_types': ['GENEALOGY_DATABASE'],
        'slot': 'collection_web_addresses',
        'description': 'Genealogy records database'
    },
    # Archives/inventories → inventory_web_addresses
    'archieven': {
        'platform_types': ['ARCHIVES_PORTAL'],
        'slot': 'inventory_web_addresses',
        'description': 'Archival finding aids and inventories'
    },
    'inventaris': {
        'platform_types': ['ARCHIVES_PORTAL'],
        'slot': 'inventory_web_addresses',
        'description': 'Archival inventory'
    },
    # Collections → collection_web_addresses
    'collectie': {
        'platform_types': ['ONLINE_DATABASE'],
        'slot': 'collection_web_addresses',
        'description': 'General collection access'
    },
    # Library → collection_web_addresses
    'bibliotheek': {
        'platform_types': ['DIGITAL_LIBRARY'],
        'slot': 'collection_web_addresses',
        'description': 'Library catalog'
    },
    # Search interfaces → collection_web_addresses
    'zoeken': {
        'platform_types': ['ONLINE_DATABASE'],
        'slot': 'collection_web_addresses',
        'description': 'Search interface'
    },
    # Kranten (newspapers) → collection_web_addresses
    'kranten': {
        'platform_types': ['ONLINE_NEWS_ARCHIVE'],
        'slot': 'collection_web_addresses',
        'description': 'Historical newspapers'
    },
}

# Mapping for external archive platforms to AuxiliaryDigitalPlatformTypeEnum
EXTERNAL_PLATFORM_MAPPING = {
    'archieven.nl': {
        'platform_name': 'Archieven.nl',
        'auxiliary_platform_type': 'AGGREGATOR',
        'description': 'National Dutch archives aggregator'
    },
    'archiefweb.eu': {
        'platform_name': 'Archiefweb.eu',
        'auxiliary_platform_type': 'ARCHIVAL_REPOSITORY',
        'description': 'Web archiving service'
    },
    'memorix.nl': {
        'platform_name': 'Memorix',
        'auxiliary_platform_type': 'DIGITAL_ARCHIVE',
        'description': 'Heritage information management platform'
    },
    'opendata.archieven.nl': {
        'platform_name': 'Open Data Archieven.nl',
        'auxiliary_platform_type': 'OPEN_DATA_PORTAL',
        'description': 'Open data from Dutch archives'
    },
    'regionaalarchief': {
        'platform_name': 'Regionaal Archief',
        'auxiliary_platform_type': 'ARCHIVES_PORTAL',
        'description': 'Regional archive portal'
    },
    'delpher.nl': {
        'platform_name': 'Delpher',
        'auxiliary_platform_type': 'DIGITAL_LIBRARY',
        'description': 'KB digitized newspapers, books, and periodicals'
    },
    'wiewaswie.nl': {
        'platform_name': 'WieWasWie',
        'auxiliary_platform_type': 'GENEALOGY_DATABASE',
        'description': 'Dutch genealogy database'
    },
}


def normalize_url(url: str) -> str:
    """Normalize URL by decoding and extracting base path."""
    if not url:
        return url
    
    # URL decode
    decoded = unquote(url)
    
    # Parse URL
    parsed = urlparse(decoded)
    
    # Reconstruct without query parameters for deduplication key
    base_url = f"{parsed.scheme}://{parsed.netloc}{parsed.path}"
    
    # Remove trailing slash for consistency (except root)
    if base_url.endswith('/') and len(parsed.path) > 1:
        base_url = base_url[:-1]
    
    return base_url


def extract_base_path_key(url: str) -> str:
    """Extract base path for deduplication (without query params)."""
    parsed = urlparse(url)
    return f"{parsed.netloc}{parsed.path}".rstrip('/')


def deduplicate_catalog_urls(catalog_urls: list[dict]) -> list[dict]:
    """
    Deduplicate catalog URLs, preferring entries with XPath provenance.
    
    Strategy:
    1. Group URLs by base path (without query params)
    2. For each group, prefer entries with xpath provenance
    3. Return one representative URL per type per base path
    """
    if not catalog_urls:
        return []
    
    # Group by (base_path, type)
    grouped: dict[tuple[str, str], list[dict]] = defaultdict(list)
    
    for entry in catalog_urls:
        url = entry.get('url', '')
        url_type = entry.get('type', 'unknown')
        base_key = extract_base_path_key(url)
        grouped[(base_key, url_type)].append(entry)
    
    # Select best entry from each group
    deduplicated = []
    for (base_key, url_type), entries in grouped.items():
        # Sort: entries with xpath first, then by URL length (shorter preferred)
        sorted_entries = sorted(
            entries,
            key=lambda e: (0 if e.get('xpath') else 1, len(e.get('url', '')))
        )
        best = sorted_entries[0]
        
        # Normalize the URL
        best_copy = best.copy()
        best_copy['url'] = normalize_url(best['url'])
        deduplicated.append(best_copy)
    
    return deduplicated


def generate_platform_id(ghcid: str) -> str:
    """Generate platform_id URI from GHCID."""
    ghcid_lower = ghcid.lower().replace('_', '-')
    return f"https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/platform/{ghcid_lower}-website"


def extract_ghcid_from_file(file_path: Path) -> str | None:
    """Extract GHCID from filename."""
    stem = file_path.stem
    # GHCID pattern: CC-RR-CCC-T-ABBREV (e.g., NL-DR-ASS-A-DA)
    if re.match(r'^[A-Z]{2}-[A-Z]{2,3}-[A-Z]{3}-[A-Z]-', stem):
        return stem
    return None


def determine_platform_types(catalog_urls: list[dict]) -> list[str]:
    """
    Determine platform types from detected catalog URLs.
    
    Returns list of DigitalPlatformTypeEnum values.
    """
    types_set = set()
    
    for entry in catalog_urls:
        url_type = entry.get('type', '')
        mapping = CATALOG_TYPE_MAPPING.get(url_type, {})
        for pt in mapping.get('platform_types', []):
            types_set.add(pt)
    
    # If we have catalog URLs but no specific types, add generic ONLINE_DATABASE
    if catalog_urls and not types_set:
        types_set.add('ONLINE_DATABASE')
    
    # Always include INSTITUTIONAL_WEBSITE as base type
    types_set.add('INSTITUTIONAL_WEBSITE')
    
    return sorted(list(types_set))


def categorize_urls_by_slot(catalog_urls: list[dict]) -> dict[str, list[str]]:
    """
    Categorize URLs by target slot (collection_web_addresses vs inventory_web_addresses).
    """
    slots = {
        'collection_web_addresses': [],
        'inventory_web_addresses': []
    }
    
    seen_urls = set()
    
    for entry in catalog_urls:
        url = entry.get('url', '')
        if not url or url in seen_urls:
            continue
        
        url_type = entry.get('type', '')
        mapping = CATALOG_TYPE_MAPPING.get(url_type, {})
        slot = mapping.get('slot', 'collection_web_addresses')
        
        slots[slot].append(url)
        seen_urls.add(url)
    
    return slots


def transform_external_platforms(external_platforms: list[dict]) -> list[dict]:
    """
    Transform external_archive_platforms to auxiliary_platforms structure.
    """
    if not external_platforms:
        return []
    
    auxiliary = []
    seen_platforms = set()
    
    for entry in external_platforms:
        url = entry.get('url', '')
        platform_key = entry.get('platform', '')
        
        if not url or platform_key in seen_platforms:
            continue
        
        # Find mapping
        mapping = None
        for key, config in EXTERNAL_PLATFORM_MAPPING.items():
            if key in platform_key or key in url:
                mapping = config
                break
        
        if not mapping:
            # Generic external platform
            mapping = {
                'platform_name': platform_key.replace('.', ' ').title() if platform_key else 'External Platform',
                'auxiliary_platform_type': 'WEB_PORTAL',
                'description': 'External heritage platform'
            }
        
        aux_platform = {
            'platform_name': mapping['platform_name'],
            'platform_url': url,
            'auxiliary_platform_type': mapping['auxiliary_platform_type'],
            'platform_purpose': mapping.get('description', '')
        }
        
        auxiliary.append(aux_platform)
        seen_platforms.add(platform_key)
    
    return auxiliary


def get_platform_name(data: dict, ghcid: str) -> str:
    """
    Determine the best platform name from available data.
    
    Priority:
    1. custodian_name.emic_name or custodian_name.name
    2. crawl4ai_enrichment.title (cleaned)
    3. GHCID-based fallback
    """
    # Try custodian_name first
    custodian_name = data.get('custodian_name', {})
    if isinstance(custodian_name, dict):
        name = custodian_name.get('emic_name') or custodian_name.get('name')
        if name:
            return f"{name} Website"
    
    # Try top-level name
    if data.get('name'):
        return f"{data['name']} Website"
    
    # Try crawl4ai title
    crawl4ai = data.get('crawl4ai_enrichment', {})
    title = crawl4ai.get('title', '')
    if title:
        # Clean up title (remove common suffixes)
        cleaned = re.sub(r'\s*[-–|]\s*.+$', '', title).strip()
        if cleaned and len(cleaned) > 3:
            return f"{cleaned} Website"
    
    # Fallback to GHCID
    return f"{ghcid} Website"


def transform_crawl4ai_to_digital_platform(data: dict, ghcid: str) -> dict | None:
    """
    Transform crawl4ai_enrichment into digital_platform structure.
    
    Args:
        data: Full custodian YAML data
        ghcid: Global Heritage Custodian Identifier
    
    Returns:
        digital_platform dict or None if no crawl4ai_enrichment
    """
    crawl4ai = data.get('crawl4ai_enrichment')
    if not crawl4ai:
        return None
    
    # Skip failed fetches - accept 2xx and 3xx status codes
    status_code = crawl4ai.get('status_code')
    if status_code is None or status_code >= 400:
        logger.debug(f"Skipping {ghcid}: HTTP status {status_code}")
        return None
    
    source_url = crawl4ai.get('source_url', '')
    if not source_url:
        return None
    
    # Get and deduplicate catalog URLs
    catalog_urls = crawl4ai.get('detected_catalog_urls', [])
    deduped_catalogs = deduplicate_catalog_urls(catalog_urls)
    
    # Determine platform types
    platform_types = determine_platform_types(deduped_catalogs)
    
    # Categorize URLs by slot
    url_slots = categorize_urls_by_slot(deduped_catalogs)
    
    # Transform external platforms
    external_platforms = crawl4ai.get('external_archive_platforms', [])
    auxiliary_platforms = transform_external_platforms(external_platforms)
    
    # Build digital_platform structure
    digital_platform = {
        'platform_id': generate_platform_id(ghcid),
        'platform_name': get_platform_name(data, ghcid),
        'homepage_web_address': source_url,
        'refers_to_custodian': f"https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/{ghcid.lower()}"
    }
    
    # Add platform types if we have more than just INSTITUTIONAL_WEBSITE
    if platform_types and len(platform_types) > 1:
        digital_platform['platform_type'] = platform_types
    elif platform_types:
        digital_platform['platform_type'] = platform_types
    
    # Add collection URLs
    if url_slots['collection_web_addresses']:
        digital_platform['collection_web_addresses'] = url_slots['collection_web_addresses']
    
    # Add inventory URLs
    if url_slots['inventory_web_addresses']:
        digital_platform['inventory_web_addresses'] = url_slots['inventory_web_addresses']
    
    # Add auxiliary platforms
    if auxiliary_platforms:
        digital_platform['auxiliary_platforms'] = auxiliary_platforms
    
    # Add transformation metadata
    digital_platform['_transformation_metadata'] = {
        'source': 'crawl4ai_enrichment',
        'transformation_date': datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat(),
        'catalog_urls_original': len(catalog_urls),
        'catalog_urls_deduplicated': len(deduped_catalogs),
        'external_platforms_count': len(external_platforms)
    }
    
    return digital_platform


def process_file(file_path: Path, dry_run: bool = False) -> dict:
    """
    Process a single custodian YAML file.
    
    Returns:
        dict with processing statistics
    """
    stats = {
        'file': str(file_path.name),
        'status': 'skipped',
        'has_crawl4ai': False,
        'has_digital_platform': False,
        'catalog_urls': 0,
        'external_platforms': 0
    }
    
    try:
        # Read YAML file
        with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            data = yaml.safe_load(f)
        
        if not data:
            stats['status'] = 'empty'
            return stats
        
        # Extract GHCID
        ghcid = extract_ghcid_from_file(file_path)
        if not ghcid:
            stats['status'] = 'no_ghcid'
            return stats
        
        # Check for crawl4ai_enrichment
        crawl4ai = data.get('crawl4ai_enrichment')
        if not crawl4ai:
            stats['status'] = 'no_crawl4ai'
            return stats
        
        stats['has_crawl4ai'] = True
        stats['catalog_urls'] = len(crawl4ai.get('detected_catalog_urls', []))
        stats['external_platforms'] = len(crawl4ai.get('external_archive_platforms', []))
        
        # Check if digital_platform_v2 already exists (avoid overwriting)
        if 'digital_platform_v2' in data:
            stats['has_digital_platform'] = True
            stats['status'] = 'already_transformed'
            return stats
        
        # Transform to digital_platform
        digital_platform = transform_crawl4ai_to_digital_platform(data, ghcid)
        
        if not digital_platform:
            stats['status'] = 'transform_failed'
            return stats
        
        # Add to data as digital_platform_v2 (to distinguish from any existing digital_platform)
        data['digital_platform_v2'] = digital_platform
        
        if not dry_run:
            # Write back to file
            with open(file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                yaml.dump(data, f, allow_unicode=True, default_flow_style=False, sort_keys=False)
            stats['status'] = 'transformed'
        else:
            stats['status'] = 'would_transform'
            logger.info(f"[DRY-RUN] Would transform {file_path.name}")
            logger.debug(f"  Platform types: {digital_platform.get('platform_type', [])}")
            logger.debug(f"  Collection URLs: {len(digital_platform.get('collection_web_addresses', []))}")
            logger.debug(f"  Inventory URLs: {len(digital_platform.get('inventory_web_addresses', []))}")
            logger.debug(f"  Auxiliary platforms: {len(digital_platform.get('auxiliary_platforms', []))}")
        
        return stats
        
    except yaml.YAMLError as e:
        logger.error(f"YAML error in {file_path.name}: {e}")
        stats['status'] = 'yaml_error'
        return stats
    except Exception as e:
        logger.error(f"Error processing {file_path.name}: {e}")
        stats['status'] = 'error'
        return stats


def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
        description='Transform crawl4ai_enrichment to digital_platform structure'
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '--dry-run',
        action='store_true',
        help='Show what would be done without making changes'
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '--file',
        type=Path,
        help='Process a single file instead of all NL-*.yaml files'
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        '--verbose', '-v',
        action='store_true',
        help='Enable verbose logging'
    )
    
    args = parser.parse_args()
    
    if args.verbose:
        logging.getLogger().setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    
    # Ensure logs directory exists
    Path('logs').mkdir(exist_ok=True)
    
    # Get files to process
    data_dir = Path('data/custodian')
    
    if args.file:
        if not args.file.exists():
            logger.error(f"File not found: {args.file}")
            sys.exit(1)
        files = [args.file]
    else:
        files = sorted(data_dir.glob('NL-*.yaml'))
    
    logger.info(f"Processing {len(files)} files...")
    if args.dry_run:
        logger.info("DRY-RUN MODE - no files will be modified")
    
    # Process files
    stats_summary = defaultdict(int)
    total_catalog_urls = 0
    total_external_platforms = 0
    
    for i, file_path in enumerate(files):
        if (i + 1) % 100 == 0:
            logger.info(f"Progress: {i + 1}/{len(files)} files processed")
        
        stats = process_file(file_path, dry_run=args.dry_run)
        stats_summary[stats['status']] += 1
        total_catalog_urls += stats.get('catalog_urls', 0)
        total_external_platforms += stats.get('external_platforms', 0)
    
    # Print summary
    logger.info("\n" + "=" * 60)
    logger.info("TRANSFORMATION SUMMARY")
    logger.info("=" * 60)
    logger.info(f"Total files processed: {len(files)}")
    
    for status, count in sorted(stats_summary.items()):
        logger.info(f"  {status}: {count}")
    
    logger.info(f"\nTotal catalog URLs found: {total_catalog_urls}")
    logger.info(f"Total external platforms found: {total_external_platforms}")
    
    if args.dry_run:
        logger.info("\n[DRY-RUN] No files were modified. Run without --dry-run to apply changes.")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()