# ============================================================================= # GLAM-NER: AGENT HYPERNYM MODULE # ============================================================================= # Module: hypernyms/agt.yaml # Parent: entity_annotation_rules_v1.7.0_unified.yaml # Purpose: AGENT entity type - entities capable of intentional action # ============================================================================= # BREAKING CHANGE v1.7.0: Renamed from BEING (BEI) to AGENT (AGT) # Rationale: "Being" implies human-centric ontology. CIDOC-CRM E39_Actor is # the proper hypernym for ALL entities capable of intentional action. # ============================================================================= id: https://w3id.org/glam/ner/hypernym/agent name: glam-ner-agent-hypernym AGENT: code: "AGT" definition: | Entities capable of intentional action. Includes humans (historical and contemporary), animals, AI systems, fictional characters, mythological figures, and collectives. The defining characteristic is AGENCY - the capacity to act, make decisions, and bear responsibility. This is the broadest actor class, encompassing all entities that can: - Perform intentional actions (create, destroy, transfer, modify) - Hold beliefs, desires, or goals - Bear moral or legal responsibility - Be attributed authorship or causation design_rationale: | CIDOC-CRM E39_Actor ("a persistent item that has the potential to perform intentional actions") is the correct hypernym. The former "BEING" label was anthropocentric, excluding valid actors like: - AI systems creating art or making curatorial decisions - Named animals with documented agency (working animals, famous pets) - Fictional characters who are subjects of scholarly study - Robots performing heritage conservation tasks TEI P5 provides the Character (roleName) model for fictional entities. FOAF provides Agent as a superclass of Person and Group. # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # ONTOLOGY MAPPINGS # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- ontology_mappings: primary_class: "crm:E39_Actor" primary_class_definition: | CIDOC-CRM E39 Actor: "This class comprises people, either individually as members of groups or members of groups. A gathering of members of E21 Persons becomes an instance of E74 Group when it exhibits collective agency, that is, it can perform actions as a unit." alternative_classes: - "foaf:Agent" - "schema:Thing" # schema:Person and schema:Organization are subclasses - "prov:Agent" linkml_mapping: class_uri: "crm:E39_Actor" exact_mappings: - "foaf:Agent" - "prov:Agent" close_mappings: - "schema:Person" # More specific, human-only related_mappings: - "dcterms:Agent" nerd_class: "nerd:Person" nerd_deprecation_note: | DEPRECATED: NERD's Person class is too narrow. NERD was designed for news/journalism NER where non-human agents are rare. For Digital Humanities, CIDOC-CRM E39_Actor is authoritative. Retain NERD mapping ONLY for NLP pipeline interchange, NOT as semantic authority. pico_class: "picom:PersonObservation" pico_note: | In PiCO, textual mentions create PersonObservation instances linked to reconstructed Person entities via picom:isObservationOf. This observation/reconstruction pattern applies to ALL agent subcategories. # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # SUBCATEGORIES # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- subcategories: # ----- HUMAN AGENTS ----- PERSON: code: "AGT.PER" definition: "Individual human beings, historical or contemporary" examples: - "Rembrandt van Rijn" - "Queen Beatrix" - "Jan de Bakker" - "Marie Curie" ontology_class: "crm:E21_Person" linkml_mapping: class_uri: "crm:E21_Person" exact_mappings: - "foaf:Person" - "schema:Person" - "rico:Person" STAFF: code: "AGT.STF" definition: "Personnel of heritage institutions in professional roles" examples: - "Dr. Maria van den Berg, Director" - "Jan Pietersen, Curator of Prints" - "Chief Archivist Emma de Vries" ontology_class: "picom:PersonObservation" org_ontology_mapping: membership: "org:Membership" role: "org:Role" post: "org:Post" note: | Links to institution via org:memberOf or org:holds (for Posts). The org:Membership class represents the n-ary relationship between an Agent, an Organization, and a Role. Use org:Post when the position exists independently of the person filling it. For the ROLE itself (e.g., "Director", "Curator"), see ROLE hypernym. # ----- COLLECTIVE AGENTS ----- COLLECTIVE: code: "AGT.COL" definition: | Named collectives of agents acting as a unit but WITHOUT formal organizational structure. For formal organizations, use GROUP hypernym. examples: - "The Dutch Masters" - "The Impressionists" - "The Founding Fathers" - "Anonymous (hacker collective)" ontology_class: "crm:E74_Group" alternative_classes: - "foaf:Group" note: | Collectives exhibit collective agency but lack: - Legal personality - Formal membership rules - Organizational hierarchy For formal organizations (museums, companies), use GROUP hypernym. For informal project collaborations, use org:OrganizationalCollaboration. # ----- FICTIONAL/MYTHOLOGICAL AGENTS ----- FICTIONAL: code: "AGT.FIC" definition: | Characters from fiction, mythology, legend, or religious traditions who are subjects of scholarly study or cultural analysis. examples: - "Sherlock Holmes" - "Harry Potter" - "Hamlet" - "Don Quixote" ontology_class: "crm:E21_Person" alternative_classes: - "tei:character" # TEI P5 character element linkml_mapping: class_uri: "crm:E21_Person" exact_mappings: [] close_mappings: - "schema:Person" note: "Use crm:P2_has_type with value 'fictional' to distinguish" tei_note: | TEI P5 uses with @role="fictional" or nests within . The element (from TEI Drama module) is more specific for dramatic personae. MYTHOLOGICAL: code: "AGT.MYT" definition: | Gods, deities, legendary figures, and supernatural beings from religious or mythological traditions. examples: - "Apollo" - "Thor" - "Vishnu" - "Anansi" - "King Arthur" - "Siegfried" ontology_class: "crm:E21_Person" note: | Use crm:P2_has_type to indicate mythological/divine status. Mythological figures may have historical cult/worship data (temples, festivals) even though the entity is non-physical. # ----- NON-HUMAN AGENTS ----- ANIMAL: code: "AGT.ANI" definition: | Named individual animals with documented agency or cultural significance. NOT species names (use THING.TAX for taxonomy). examples: - "Dolly the sheep (first cloned mammal)" - "Jumbo the elephant" - "Hachiko (famous loyal dog)" - "Wojtek the soldier bear" - "Paul the Octopus (World Cup predictor)" ontology_class: "crm:E39_Actor" note: | Animals qualify as agents when they: - Have individual names (not just species) - Performed documented actions - Have cultural/historical significance Generic animal mentions ("a cat", "the horses") are NOT agents. ARTIFICIAL: code: "AGT.ART" definition: | Artificial agents: AI systems, robots, software agents, and automated systems capable of autonomous decision-making or action. examples: - "DALL-E (AI image generator)" - "AlphaGo (game-playing AI)" - "Sophia (humanoid robot)" - "Watson (IBM's AI system)" - "GPT-4 (language model)" ontology_class: "crm:E39_Actor" alternative_classes: - "prov:SoftwareAgent" linkml_mapping: class_uri: "crm:E39_Actor" exact_mappings: - "prov:SoftwareAgent" note: | PROV-O defines prov:SoftwareAgent as "A software agent is running software." Use when the AI/robot is the proximate cause of an action, distinct from the human programmers or operators. note: | Artificial agents are increasingly relevant for heritage: - AI systems making curatorial decisions - Robots performing conservation tasks - Automated digitization systems - AI-generated art and authorship questions Attribution of agency to AI is context-dependent and evolving. # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # INCLUSION RULES # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- inclusion_rules: - id: "AGT_INC001" rule: "Tag agent names even when only partial name appears" examples: - "Rembrandt (given name only)" - "Van Gogh (surname only)" - "GPT (abbreviated AI name)" - id: "AGT_INC002" rule: "Tag agents identified by title + name" examples: - "Professor Einstein" - "Dr. Curie" - "King Willem-Alexander" - id: "AGT_INC003" rule: "Tag staff members with their institutional context" examples: - "Director Jan de Wit" - "Curator of Medieval Art at the Rijksmuseum" - id: "AGT_INC004" rule: "Tag named collectives acting as unified agents" examples: - "The Impressionists" - "Anonymous" - "The Beatles" - id: "AGT_INC005" rule: "Tag fictional/mythological characters when subjects of analysis" examples: - "Hamlet's soliloquy" - "representations of Apollo" - "Harry Potter merchandise" - id: "AGT_INC006" rule: "Tag AI/robot agents when attributed with actions" examples: - "art created by DALL-E" - "AlphaGo defeated Lee Sedol" # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # EXCLUSION RULES # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- exclusion_rules: - id: "AGT_EXC001" rule: "Do NOT tag generic role descriptions without names" examples: - "the curator (generic)" - "a visitor (generic)" - "staff members (generic plural)" note: "For role terms themselves, see ROLE hypernym" - id: "AGT_EXC002" rule: "Do NOT tag pronouns" examples: - "he" - "she" - "they" - "it" - id: "AGT_EXC003" rule: "Do NOT tag species names (use THING.TAX instead)" examples: - "elephants (species, not individual)" - "Homo sapiens" - "cats (generic)" - id: "AGT_EXC004" rule: "Do NOT tag tools or software without agency attribution" examples: - "Photoshop (tool, not agent)" - "the database (system, not agent)" note: "Only tag AI when it is the attributed actor, not just a tool used"