id: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/class/ExhibitedObject name: ExhibitedObject title: Exhibited Object Class prefixes: linkml: https://w3id.org/linkml/ hc: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/ schema: http://schema.org/ crm: http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/ dcterms: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# rico: https://www.ica.org/standards/RiC/ontology# aat: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/ imports: - linkml:types - ../metadata - ./TimeSpan - ./CustodianPlace - ./Loan - ./ConservationRecord - ./ProvenanceEvent - ../enums/ExhibitedObjectTypeEnum - ../slots/wikidata_id - ../slots/creator - ../slots/has_accession_number - ../slots/has_acquisition_method - ../slots/has_acquisition_date - ../slots/external_identifier - ../slots/provenance_text - ../slots/catalog_raisonne_number - ../slots/has_or_had_condition_note - ../slots/conservation_history - ../slots/has_or_had_conservation_record - ../slots/creation_place - ../slots/creation_timespan - ../slots/creator_role - ../slots/current_keeper - ../slots/current_location - ../slots/has_or_had_custodian_type - ../slots/date_created - ../slots/dimension - ../slots/exhibited_in - ../slots/iconography - ../slots/image_url - ../slots/inscription - ../slots/inventory_number - ../slots/loan_history - ../slots/medium - ../slots/object_alternate_name - ../slots/object_description - ../slots/object_id - ../slots/object_name - ../slots/object_type - ../slots/part_of_collection - ../slots/permanent_location - ../slots/has_or_had_previous_owner - ../slots/has_or_had_provenance_event - ../slots/specificity_annotation - ../slots/subject_depicted - ../slots/template_specificity - ./SpecificityAnnotation - ./TemplateSpecificityScores default_prefix: hc classes: ExhibitedObject: class_uri: crm:E22_Human-Made_Object description: | An individual artwork, artifact, document, or specimen that may be displayed in heritage exhibitions. Models the OBJECT (physical or conceptual item), linking creators, custodians, materials, and exhibition history. **Key Distinction**: | Concept | Class | Example | |---------|-------|---------| | Heritage institution | Custodian | "Mauritshuis" | | Curated display | Exhibition | "Vermeer 2023" | | **Individual object** | **ExhibitedObject** | **"Girl with a Pearl Earring"** | | Collection grouping | Collection | "Vermeer Collection" | **When to Use ExhibitedObject**: Use for individual items that can be displayed or loaned: - Paintings, sculptures, drawings, prints - Archival documents, manuscripts, photographs - Archaeological artifacts, ethnographic objects - Natural history specimens, scientific instruments - Digital artworks, installations - **CIDOC-CRM**: crm:E22_Human-Made_Object (primary - cultural heritage standard) "Physical objects purposefully created by human activity." - **Schema.org**: schema:VisualArtwork (web discoverability for visual art) - **CIDOC-CRM**: crm:E19_Physical_Object (broader physical objects) - **Schema.org**: schema:ArchiveComponent (for archival materials) - **RiC-O**: rico:RecordResource (for archival records) **Relationship to Other Classes**: ``` Custodian (institution) │ │── current_keeper (who holds the object now) v ExhibitedObject (this class) │ │── exhibited_in → Exhibition[] (where object was/is shown) │── creation_timespan → TimeSpan (when object was created) │── creator → (artist/maker information) │── conservation_records → ConservationRecord[] (condition/treatments) │── provenance_events → ProvenanceEvent[] (ownership history) │── loan_history → Loan[] (loan records) v Collection (grouping of related objects) ``` **Provenance Tracking**: ExhibitedObject includes multiple provenance mechanisms: - `provenance_text`: Narrative ownership history (simple string) - `previous_owners`: List of previous owners (simple strings) - `provenance_events`: Full provenance as structured events with: - Event types (PURCHASE, AUCTION, BEQUEST, CONFISCATION, RESTITUTION) - Temporal data (date, timespan) - Parties (seller, buyer, source, recipient) - Nazi-era flags for Washington Principles compliance - `acquisition_info`: How/when acquired by current keeper **Conservation Records**: - `condition_notes`: Current condition (simple string) - `conservation_history`: Treatment history (simple strings) - `conservation_records`: Full conservation documentation with: - Condition assessments (EXCELLENT to CRITICAL) - Treatment records (cleaning, restoration, repair) - Technical examinations (X-ray, IR reflectography) - Pre/post-loan condition checks **Loan History**: - `loan_history`: Complete loan records with: - Lender and borrower institutions - Loan dates and status (REQUESTED through RETURNED) - Insurance valuations and coverage - Condition reports and courier details **Example**: Johannes Vermeer's "Girl with a Pearl Earring": - object_id: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/object/mauritshuis-girl-pearl-earring - object_name: "Girl with a Pearl Earring" - object_type: PAINTING - creator: "Johannes Vermeer" - date_created: c. 1665 - current_keeper: Mauritshuis - exhibited_in: [Vermeer 2023, various traveling exhibitions] exact_mappings: - crm:E22_Human-Made_Object close_mappings: - schema:VisualArtwork - crm:E19_Physical_Object - schema:ArchiveComponent - rico:RecordResource related_mappings: - schema:CreativeWork - crm:E24_Physical_Human-Made_Thing - crm:E84_Information_Carrier slots: - has_accession_number - has_acquisition_date - has_acquisition_method - catalog_raisonne_number - has_or_had_condition_note - conservation_history - has_or_had_conservation_record - creation_place - creation_timespan - creator - creator_role - current_keeper - current_location - has_or_had_custodian_type - date_created - dimension - exhibited_in - external_identifier - iconography - image_url - inscription - inventory_number - loan_history - medium - object_alternate_name - object_description - object_id - object_name - object_type - part_of_collection - permanent_location - has_or_had_previous_owner - has_or_had_provenance_event - provenance_text - specificity_annotation - subject_depicted - template_specificity - wikidata_id slot_usage: object_id: identifier: true required: true range: uriorcurie slot_uri: dcterms:identifier description: | Unique identifier for this object. Format: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/object/{institution-slug}-{object-slug} examples: - value: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/object/mauritshuis-girl-pearl-earring - value: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/object/rijksmuseum-night-watch object_name: required: true range: string slot_uri: schema:name description: | Primary title or name of the object. Use the most commonly recognized title. examples: - value: Girl with a Pearl Earring - value: The Night Watch - value: Rosetta Stone object_alternate_name: required: false range: string multivalued: true slot_uri: schema:alternateName description: | Alternative titles, historical names, or translations. examples: - value: Meisje met de parel description: Dutch title - value: The Militia Company of Captain Frans Banninck Cocq description: Original title of The Night Watch object_description: required: false range: string slot_uri: schema:description description: | Detailed description of the object, its significance, and context. examples: - value: | Oil painting by Johannes Vermeer, depicting a girl wearing an exotic dress and a large pearl earring. One of the most famous paintings in the world, sometimes called "the Mona Lisa of the North." object_type: required: true range: ExhibitedObjectTypeEnum slot_uri: dcterms:type description: | Classification of object by type/medium. Values: PAINTING, SCULPTURE, DRAWING, PRINT, PHOTOGRAPH, CERAMIC, TEXTILE, FURNITURE, DOCUMENT, MANUSCRIPT, RARE_BOOK, MAP, ARCHAEOLOGICAL_ARTIFACT, NATURAL_HISTORY_SPECIMEN, etc. examples: - value: PAINTING - value: SCULPTURE - value: MANUSCRIPT creator: required: false range: string multivalued: true slot_uri: schema:creator description: | Name(s) of the artist, maker, or creator. For anonymous works, use "Unknown" or "Anonymous [culture/period]". examples: - value: Johannes Vermeer - value: Rembrandt van Rijn - value: Unknown Egyptian artist creator_role: required: false range: string multivalued: true slot_uri: crm:P14.1_in_the_role_of description: | Role of each creator (artist, workshop, attributed to, circle of, etc.). Corresponds with creator list by position. examples: - value: Artist - value: Workshop of - value: Attributed to - value: Circle of date_created: required: false range: string slot_uri: schema:dateCreated description: | Date or period when object was created. Use string to accommodate approximate dates (c. 1665, 17th century). For precise temporal modeling, use creation_timespan. examples: - value: c. 1665 - value: '1642' - value: 12th century BCE creation_timespan: required: false range: TimeSpan inlined: true slot_uri: crm:P4_has_time-span description: | Full temporal extent of creation with CIDOC-CRM fuzzy boundaries. Use for scholarly precision with uncertain dates: - begin_of_the_begin: Earliest possible start - end_of_the_begin: Latest possible start - begin_of_the_end: Earliest possible completion - end_of_the_end: Latest possible completion examples: - value: begin_of_the_begin: '1664-01-01' end_of_the_end: '1667-12-31' description: c. 1665 painting date creation_place: required: false range: CustodianPlace inlined: true slot_uri: schema:locationCreated description: | Location where the object was created. examples: - value: place_name: Delft country: NL medium: required: false range: string slot_uri: schema:artMedium description: | Materials and techniques used to create the object. Use standard art historical terminology. examples: - value: Oil on canvas - value: Marble - value: Bronze - value: Ink and wash on paper - value: Ceramic, glazed dimension: required: false range: string slot_uri: schema:size description: | Physical dimensions of the object. Format: height × width × depth with units. examples: - value: 44.5 × 39 cm description: Girl with a Pearl Earring - value: 363 × 437 cm description: The Night Watch - value: 114.4 × 72.3 × 27.9 cm, 762 kg description: Rosetta Stone inscription: required: false range: string multivalued: true slot_uri: crm:P128_carries description: | Text inscribed on the object (signatures, dates, dedications). examples: - value: IVMeer description: Vermeer signature - value: Rembrandt f. 1642 description: Rembrandt signature with date current_keeper: required: false range: uriorcurie inlined: false slot_uri: crm:P50_has_current_keeper description: "Custodian institution currently holding this object.\n\nCIDOC-CRM:\ \ P50_has_current_keeper - \"identifies the E39 Actor that \nhad custody\ \ of an instance of E18 Physical Thing at the time of validity.\"\n" examples: - value: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/custodian/nl/mauritshuis - value: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/custodian/nl/rijksmuseum current_location: required: false range: CustodianPlace inlined: true slot_uri: schema:location description: | Current physical location of the object. May differ from permanent_location if on loan or traveling. examples: - value: place_name: Mauritshuis city: Den Haag country: NL permanent_location: required: false range: string slot_uri: crm:P54_has_current_permanent_location description: | Usual permanent location (gallery, room, case) within institution. Use for standard display location when not on loan. examples: - value: Gallery 15 - value: Dutch Golden Age wing, Room 3 has_accession_number: required: false range: string slot_uri: dcterms:identifier description: | Accession or acquisition number assigned by holding institution. Primary catalog identifier within the institution. examples: - value: '670' description: Mauritshuis accession number for Girl with a Pearl Earring - value: SK-C-5 description: Rijksmuseum accession for The Night Watch inventory_number: required: false range: string slot_uri: dcterms:identifier description: | Additional inventory or catalog numbers. examples: - value: BM-1802,0710.1 description: British Museum inventory provenance_text: required: false range: string slot_uri: dcterms:provenance description: | Narrative description of ownership history. examples: - value: | Possibly Pieter van Ruijven, Delft (c. 1665); his widow, Maria de Knuijt, Delft (1674); Dissius sale, Amsterdam, May 16, 1696, lot 36; Braamcamp sale, Amsterdam, July 31, 1771, lot 54; Purchased for 30 guilders by A.A. des Tombe, The Hague (1881); Bequeathed to Mauritshuis (1903). has_or_had_previous_owner: required: false range: string multivalued: true slot_uri: crm:P51_has_former_or_current_owner description: | List of previous owners in chronological order. examples: - value: - Pieter van Ruijven (c. 1665-1674) - Maria de Knuijt (1674) - A.A. des Tombe (1881-1903) has_acquisition_method: required: false range: string slot_uri: crm:P24i_changed_ownership_through description: | How current keeper acquired the object. Values: PURCHASE, DONATION, BEQUEST, TRANSFER, LOAN, RESTITUTION examples: - value: BEQUEST description: des Tombe bequest to Mauritshuis has_acquisition_date: required: false range: date slot_uri: schema:dateAcquired description: | Date when object was acquired by current keeper. examples: - value: '1903-01-01' exhibited_in: required: false range: uriorcurie multivalued: true inlined: false slot_uri: crm:P12i_was_present_at description: "Exhibitions where this object has been or is being displayed.\n\ \nCIDOC-CRM: P12i_was_present_at - \"identifies the E5 Event(s) in which\ \ \nan instance of E77 Persistent Item was present.\"\n" examples: - value: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/exhibition/rijksmuseum-vermeer-2023 description: Vermeer exhibition 2023 part_of_collection: required: false range: uriorcurie inlined: false slot_uri: crm:P46i_forms_part_of description: | Collection(s) to which this object belongs. examples: - value: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/collection/mauritshuis-dutch-paintings subject_depicted: required: false range: string multivalued: true slot_uri: schema:about description: | Subjects represented in the artwork. Use controlled vocabulary where possible (AAT, Iconclass). examples: - value: portrait - value: girl - value: pearl earring - value: turban iconography: required: false range: string slot_uri: crm:P62_depicts description: | Iconographic content or symbolism. Use Iconclass codes where applicable. examples: - value: 31A221 - portrait of a woman - value: '41D221 - jewelry: earring' has_or_had_condition_note: required: false range: string slot_uri: crm:P44_has_condition description: | Current condition of the object. examples: - value: Good condition. Cleaned and restored in 1994. conservation_history: required: false range: string multivalued: true slot_uri: crm:P31i_was_modified_by description: | History of conservation treatments. examples: - value: '1882: First cleaning' - value: '1994: Major restoration by Jorgen Wadum' image_url: required: false range: uri multivalued: true slot_uri: schema:image description: | URL to image(s) of the object. Include multiple resolutions or views where available. examples: - value: https://www.mauritshuis.nl/media/670-large.jpg wikidata_id: required: false range: string pattern: ^Q[0-9]+$ slot_uri: schema:sameAs description: | Wikidata entity ID for this object. examples: - value: Q81858 description: Girl with a Pearl Earring - value: Q219831 description: The Night Watch external_identifier: required: false range: string multivalued: true slot_uri: dcterms:identifier description: | Additional external identifiers (RKDimages, VIAF, Getty ULAN, etc.). Format: "scheme:value" examples: - value: rkdimages:23903 - value: getty_ulan:500121212 catalog_raisonne_number: required: false range: string slot_uri: dcterms:identifier description: | Reference number in the catalogue raisonné. examples: - value: Hofstede de Groot 1907, no. 44 - value: Bredius 410 has_or_had_conservation_record: required: false range: ConservationRecord multivalued: true inlined: true slot_uri: crm:P44_has_condition description: | Conservation and condition records for this object. Includes: - Condition assessments (EXCELLENT to CRITICAL) - Treatment records (cleaning, restoration, repair) - Technical examinations (X-ray, IR reflectography, etc.) - Pre/post-loan condition checks For simple condition notes, use `condition_notes` slot. For full documentation with provenance, use this slot. Ordered by record_date (newest first typically). examples: - value: record_id: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/conservation/mauritshuis-gwpe-1994 record_type: TREATMENT record_date: '1994-03-15' condition_before: FAIR condition_after: GOOD treatment_description: Major restoration including cleaning of yellowed varnish conservator_name: Jorgen Wadum description: 1994 restoration of Girl with a Pearl Earring has_or_had_provenance_event: required: false range: ProvenanceEvent multivalued: true inlined: true slot_uri: crm:P24i_changed_ownership_through description: | Provenance history as sequence of ownership transfer events. Each event documents: - Event type (PURCHASE, AUCTION, BEQUEST, GIFT, CONFISCATION, RESTITUTION) - Date/timespan of transfer - Previous and new owners - Price/valuation (if known) - Location of transfer - Documentary sources - Nazi-era flags for Washington Principles compliance Events should be ordered chronologically from creation to present. For simple narrative provenance, use `provenance_text` slot. examples: - value: event_id: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/provenance/gwpe-des-tombe-bequest event_type: BEQUEST event_date: '1903-01-01' previous_owner: A.A. des Tombe new_owner_institution: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/custodian/nl/mauritshuis event_description: Bequeathed to Mauritshuis by A.A. des Tombe description: 1903 bequest of Girl with a Pearl Earring loan_history: required: false range: Loan multivalued: true inlined: false slot_uri: crm:P30i_custody_transferred_through description: | History of loans involving this object. Includes both: - Outgoing loans (when this object's keeper lends it) - Incoming loans (when this object is borrowed from elsewhere) Each loan record includes: - Lender and borrower institutions - Loan dates and status - Insurance valuations - Condition reports - Courier and transport details Loans are referenced (not inlined) as they link multiple objects and institutions. examples: - value: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/loan/mauritshuis-rijksmuseum-vermeer-2023 description: Loan to Rijksmuseum for Vermeer 2023 exhibition has_or_had_custodian_type: equals_expression: '["hc:GalleryType", "hc:MuseumType", "hc:ArchiveOrganizationType", "hc:LibraryType", "hc:ResearchOrganizationType", "hc:HolySacredSiteType", "hc:BioCustodianType"]' specificity_annotation: range: SpecificityAnnotation inlined: true template_specificity: range: TemplateSpecificityScores inlined: true comments: - ExhibitedObject models individual artworks/artifacts displayable in exhibitions - Links to Custodian via current_keeper relationship - 'Links to Exhibition via exhibited_in (inverse: featured_objects)' - Links to ConservationRecord via conservation_records (condition/treatments) - Links to ProvenanceEvent via provenance_events (ownership history) - Links to Loan via loan_history (loan records) - Uses CIDOC-CRM E22_Human-Made_Object as primary ontology mapping - Supports detailed provenance tracking via provenance_events (structured) or provenance_text (narrative) - creation_timespan enables CIDOC-CRM fuzzy temporal modeling for uncertain dates - conservation_records enables full documentation vs simple condition_notes string see_also: - https://cidoc-crm.org/html/cidoc_crm_v7.1.3.html#E22 - https://schema.org/VisualArtwork - https://cidoc-crm.org/html/cidoc_crm_v7.1.3.html#P50 examples: - value: object_id: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/object/mauritshuis-girl-pearl-earring object_name: Girl with a Pearl Earring object_alternate_name: - Meisje met de parel - Het meisje met de parel object_description: "Oil painting by Johannes Vermeer, depicting a girl in\ \ a blue and gold \nturban with a large pearl earring. One of Vermeer's\ \ most celebrated\nworks, nicknamed \"the Mona Lisa of the North.\"\n" object_type: PAINTING creator: - Johannes Vermeer creator_role: - Artist date_created: c. 1665 creation_timespan: begin_of_the_begin: '1664-01-01' end_of_the_end: '1667-12-31' creation_place: place_name: Delft country: NL medium: Oil on canvas dimensions: 44.5 × 39 cm inscription: - IVMeer (upper left corner) current_keeper: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/custodian/nl/mauritshuis current_location: place_name: Mauritshuis city: Den Haag country: NL permanent_location: Gallery 15 accession_number: '670' acquisition_method: BEQUEST acquisition_date: '1903-01-01' provenance_text: "Possibly Pieter van Ruijven, Delft (c. 1665); his widow,\ \ Maria de Knuijt,\nDelft (1674); Dissius sale, Amsterdam, May 16, 1696;\ \ A.A. des Tombe, \nThe Hague (purchased 1881); Bequeathed to Mauritshuis\ \ (1903).\n" exhibited_in: - https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/exhibition/rijksmuseum-vermeer-2023 subject_depicted: - portrait - girl - pearl earring - turban wikidata_id: Q81858 description: Girl with a Pearl Earring - Vermeer masterpiece at Mauritshuis - value: object_id: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/object/rijksmuseum-night-watch object_name: The Night Watch object_alternate_name: - De Nachtwacht - The Militia Company of Captain Frans Banninck Cocq object_type: PAINTING creator: - Rembrandt van Rijn date_created: '1642' medium: Oil on canvas dimensions: 363 × 437 cm inscription: - Rembrandt f. 1642 current_keeper: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/custodian/nl/rijksmuseum accession_number: SK-C-5 wikidata_id: Q219831 description: The Night Watch - Rembrandt masterpiece at Rijksmuseum - value: object_id: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/object/british-museum-rosetta-stone object_name: Rosetta Stone object_type: ARCHAEOLOGICAL_ARTIFACT date_created: 196 BCE medium: Granodiorite dimensions: 114.4 × 72.3 × 27.9 cm, 762 kg current_keeper: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/custodian/uk/british-museum accession_number: EA 24 wikidata_id: Q48584 description: Rosetta Stone at British Museum slots: object_id: description: Unique identifier for the object range: uriorcurie slot_uri: dcterms:identifier object_name: description: Primary title or name of the object range: string slot_uri: schema:name object_alternate_name: description: Alternative titles or translations range: string multivalued: true slot_uri: schema:alternateName object_description: description: Detailed description of the object range: string slot_uri: schema:description object_type: description: Classification by type/medium range: ExhibitedObjectTypeEnum slot_uri: dcterms:type creator_role: description: Role of creator (artist, workshop, attributed to) range: string multivalued: true slot_uri: crm:P14.1_in_the_role_of date_created: description: Date or period of creation (string for flexibility) range: string slot_uri: schema:dateCreated creation_timespan: description: CIDOC-CRM temporal extent for creation range: TimeSpan slot_uri: crm:P4_has_time-span creation_place: description: Location where object was created range: CustodianPlace slot_uri: schema:locationCreated medium: description: Materials and techniques range: string slot_uri: schema:artMedium dimension: description: Physical dimensions range: string slot_uri: schema:size inscription: description: Text inscribed on object range: string multivalued: true slot_uri: crm:P128_carries current_keeper: description: Custodian currently holding the object range: uriorcurie slot_uri: crm:P50_has_current_keeper current_location: description: Current physical location range: CustodianPlace slot_uri: schema:location permanent_location: description: Usual permanent location within institution range: string slot_uri: crm:P54_has_current_permanent_location inventory_number: description: Additional inventory number range: string slot_uri: dcterms:identifier has_or_had_previous_owner: description: List of previous owners range: string multivalued: true slot_uri: crm:P51_has_former_or_current_owner exhibited_in: description: Exhibitions where object was/is displayed range: uriorcurie multivalued: true slot_uri: crm:P12i_was_present_at part_of_collection: description: Collection(s) containing this object range: uriorcurie slot_uri: crm:P46i_forms_part_of subject_depicted: description: Subjects represented in artwork range: string multivalued: true slot_uri: schema:about iconography: description: Iconographic content (use Iconclass where applicable) range: string slot_uri: crm:P62_depicts has_or_had_condition_note: description: Current condition range: string slot_uri: crm:P44_has_condition conservation_history: description: Conservation treatment history range: string multivalued: true slot_uri: crm:P31i_was_modified_by image_url: description: URL to image(s) of the object range: uri multivalued: true slot_uri: schema:image catalog_raisonne_number: description: Reference in catalogue raisonné range: string slot_uri: dcterms:identifier has_or_had_conservation_record: description: Conservation and condition records for this object range: ConservationRecord multivalued: true slot_uri: crm:P44_has_condition has_or_had_provenance_event: description: Ownership history as sequence of transfer events range: ProvenanceEvent multivalued: true slot_uri: crm:P24i_changed_ownership_through loan_history: description: History of loans involving this object range: Loan multivalued: true slot_uri: crm:P30i_custody_transferred_through