glam/data/custodian/PS-GZ-GAZ-F-GQM.yaml

original_entry:
  id: PS-HER-049
  name: Gold Market (Al-Qissariya)
  name_arabic: سوق الذهب (القيسارية)
  type: GRP.HER.FEA
  subtype: feature
  country: PS
  city: Gaza City
  location: Old City, Gaza City, Palestine
  confidence: 0.95
entry_index: PS-HER-049
processing_timestamp: '2025-12-08T20:50:00.000000+00:00'
enrichment_status: enriched
provenance:
  schema_version: 2.0.0
  generated_at: '2025-12-28T20:09:31.802749+00:00'
  sources:
    original_entry:
    - source_type: wikipedia_extraction
      data_tier: TIER_2_VERIFIED
      extraction_source:
      - unesco_cultural_heritage_list_gaza_2024
      - wikipedia_destruction_cultural_heritage_gaza
    - source_type: wikidata_enrichment
      data_tier: TIER_3_CROWD_SOURCED
      wikidata_id: Q5578780
  data_tier_summary:
    TIER_1_AUTHORITATIVE: []
    TIER_2_VERIFIED:
    - unesco_cultural_heritage_list_gaza_2024
    - wikipedia_destruction_cultural_heritage_gaza
    - icomos_palestine_2024
    - barakat_trust
    TIER_3_CROWD_SOURCED:
    - wikidata
    TIER_4_INFERRED: []
  notes:
  - 14th century covered market (souk)
  - Located near the Great Omari Mosque
  - Destroyed in December 2023, further damaged July 2024
  - 'Confidence score: 0.95'
  - Canonical location normalized on 2025-12-09T13:56:28Z
  enrichment_provenance:
    wikidata_enrichment:
      content_hash: sha256-4TtHHPML3A1K+JItJ9u0Z8ax0azjh4TAHvcVlZUjxro=
      verified_at: '2025-12-28T20:09:31.802725+00:00'
      wasDerivedFrom: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5578780
  provenance_schema_version: '2.0'
  standards_compliance:
  - W3C PROV-O
  - W3C SRI (content hashes)
conflict_status:
  status: destroyed
  date: '2023-12-01'
  reported_date: '2024-01-01'
  description: The Gold Market (Al-Qissariya), a 14th century covered market and center for gold trading in Gaza's Old City, was destroyed in December 2023 around the same time as the nearby Great Omari Mosque. The market suffered further damage in July 2024. It was one of Gaza's most significant medieval commercial heritage sites.
  sources:
  - UNESCO verified list of damaged/destroyed cultural sites (4 November 2025)
  - ICOMOS Palestine - "The Catastrophic state of Gaza's cultural heritage" (August 2024)
  - Wikipedia - Destruction of cultural heritage during the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
time_of_destruction:
  date: '2023-12-01'
  reported_date: '2024-01-01'
  description: Al-Qissariya Market, also known as the Gold Market, was destroyed in December 2023 during Israeli military operations. The market was damaged around the same time as the nearby Great Omari Mosque. In July 2024, the ruins suffered further damage from additional strikes.
  sources:
  - ICOMOS Palestine report (August 2024)
  - Multiple news sources
custodian_name:
  claim_type: custodian_name
  claim_value: Gold Market (Al-Qissariya)
  claim_value_arabic: سوق الذهب (القيسارية)
  emic_name: سوق الذهب
  alternative_names:
  - Al-Qissariya Market
  - Souk Al-Qaisariyya
  - Qissariya Market
  - سوق القيسارية
  source: wikidata
  source_url: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5578780
  confidence: 0.95
  extraction_timestamp: '2025-12-08T20:50:00.000000+00:00'
ghcid:
  ghcid_current: PS-GZ-GAZ-F-GQM
  ghcid_original: PS-GZ-GAZ-F-GQM
  ghcid_uuid:
  ghcid_uuid_sha256:
  ghcid_numeric:
  location_resolution:
    method: WIKIDATA_COORDINATES
    country_code: PS
    region_code: GZ
    city_code: GAZ
    city_name: Gaza City
    geonames_id:
    wikidata_id: Q5578780
    resolution_date: '2025-12-08T20:50:00.000000+00:00'
    notes: Coordinates from Wikidata entity Q5578780
service_area:
  type: admin2
  country_code: PS
  admin1_code: PSE.1_1
  admin1_name: Gaza Strip
  admin2_name: Gaza
  source: GADM v4.1
  notes: Located in Old City of Gaza, near Great Omari Mosque
location:
  latitude: 31.503055555556
  longitude: 34.463888888889
  coordinate_provenance:
    source_type: WIKIDATA
    source_path: wikidata_enrichment.wikidata_coordinates
    original_timestamp: '2025-12-09T12:45:14.039317+00:00'
    api_endpoint: https://www.wikidata.org/w/rest.php/wikibase/v1
    entity_id: Q5578780
  city: Gaza City
  region_code: GZ
  country: PS
  normalization_timestamp: '2025-12-09T13:56:28.955594+00:00'
wikidata_enrichment:
  wikidata_entity_id: Q5578780
  api_metadata:
    api_endpoint: https://www.wikidata.org/w/rest.php/wikibase/v1
    fetch_timestamp: '2025-12-09T12:45:14.039317+00:00'
    user_agent: GLAMDataExtractor/1.1 (glam-data@example.com) Python/httpx
    enrichment_version: 2.0_full
    properties_found:
    - P625
    - P18
    - P131
    - P31
    - P17
    - P373
    - P3032
    - P571
    - P576
    - P973
  wikidata_labels:
    en: Gold Market
    tr: Altın Pazar
    ar: سوق الذهب
    he: שוק הזהב
    cy: Marchnad Qissariya
    kw: Marghas Owr Gaza
    nl: Gold Market
    ur: سوق الذہب (غزہ)
    es: Zoco Al-Qaisariya
    fr: Marché al-Qaysāriyya
    ms: Pasar Emas
  wikidata_label_en: Gold Market
  wikidata_label_nl: Gold Market
  wikidata_label_fr: Marché al-Qaysāriyya
  wikidata_label_es: Zoco Al-Qaisariya
  wikidata_descriptions:
    nl: bouwwerk in Gaza-stad voor handel in goud en valuta
    he: שוק למוצרי זהב בעיר עזה
    en: center for trading and buying gold and location for foreign exchange in Gaza city
    es: Zoco de compraventa de oro
  wikidata_description_en: center for trading and buying gold and location for foreign exchange in Gaza city
  wikidata_aliases:
    en:
    - Souk ad-Dahab
    - Qissariya Market
    - Souk al-Qissariya
    es:
    - Souk ad-Dahab
    - Souk al-Qissariya
    - Zoco del oro
    fr:
    - marché de l’or
    ar:
    - سوق القيسارية
  wikidata_sitelinks:
    enwiki: Gold Market
    trwiki: Altın Pazar (Gazze)
    arwiki: سوق الذهب (غزة)
    hewiki: שוק הזהב
    kwwiki: Marghas Owr Gaza
    cywiki: Marchnad Qissariya
    commonswiki: Category:Gold Market
    urwiki: سوق الذہب (غزہ)
    eswiki: Zoco Al-Qaisariya
    mswiki: Pasar Emas (Gaza)
  wikidata_temporal:
    inception: '1476-00-00'
    dissolution: '2023-12-07'
  wikidata_inception: '1476-00-00'
  wikidata_dissolution: '2023-12-07'
  wikidata_classification:
    instance_of: &id001
    - id: Q1320830
      label: covered passageway
      description: part of building
    - id: Q132510
      label: market
      description: location where people regularly gather for the purchase and sale of provisions, livestock, and other goods
  wikidata_instance_of: *id001
  wikidata_location:
    coordinates: &id004
      latitude: 31.503055555556
      longitude: 34.463888888889
      precision:
    located_in_admin_entity: &id003
      id: Q47492
      label: Gaza City
      description: ancient Levantine metropolis and modern city in Gaza Strip
    country: &id002
      id: Q407199
      label: Occupied Palestinian territories
      description: territories of the State of Palestine occupied by Israël
    adjacent_building:
      id: Q739415
      label: Great Mosque of Gaza
      description: mosque in Gaza City, Palestine
  wikidata_country: *id002
  wikidata_located_in: *id003
  wikidata_coordinates: *id004
  wikidata_web:
    described_at_url: https://artsandculture.google.com/story/7gURG_B2focWMQ
  wikidata_media:
    image: Gold Market, Gaza City.jpg
    commons_category: Gold Market
  wikidata_image: Gold Market, Gaza City.jpg
  _provenance:
    content_hash:
      algorithm: sha256
      value: sha256-4TtHHPML3A1K+JItJ9u0Z8ax0azjh4TAHvcVlZUjxro=
      scope: enrichment_section
      computed_at: '2025-12-28T20:09:31.802725+00:00'
    prov:
      wasGeneratedBy:
        '@type': prov:Activity
        name: wikidata_api_fetch
        used: https://www.wikidata.org/w/rest.php/wikibase/v1
      wasDerivedFrom: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5578780
    verification:
      status: verified
      last_verified: '2025-12-28T20:09:31.802737+00:00'
wikipedia_enrichment:
  source_url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destruction_of_cultural_heritage_during_the_Israeli_invasion_of_the_Gaza_Strip
  access_date: '2025-12-08'
  claims:
  - claim_type: date_constructed
    claim_value: 14th century
    source: Wikipedia citing Barakat Trust / Google Arts & Culture
    confidence: 0.9
  - claim_type: heritage_type
    claim_value: Covered market (souk)
    source: UNESCO verified list
    confidence: 0.95
  - claim_type: destruction_date
    claim_value: December 2023 (initial), July 2024 (further damage)
    source: Wikipedia citing ICOMOS Palestine
    confidence: 0.95
  references:
  - citation_key: barakat_trust
    url: https://artsandculture.google.com/story/7gURG_B2focWMQ
    access_date: '2024-11-01'
    title: Souk al-Qissariya
    publisher: Barakat Trust / Google Arts & Culture
  - citation_key: icomos_palestine_2024
    url: https://palestine.icomos.org/reports/urgent-heritage-alert-1-27-august-2024/
    access_date: '2025-02-13'
    title: 'The Catastrophic state of Gaza''s cultural heritage under the deliberate Israeli bombings: Case of Souk Al-Qaisariyya'
    publisher: ICOMOS Palestine
    date: '2024-08-27'
description:
  en: The Gold Market (Al-Qissariya) was a historic 14th century covered market (souk) located in the Old City of Gaza, adjacent to the Great Omari Mosque. For centuries, it served as Gaza's primary center for gold trading, jewelry sales, and foreign currency exchange. The market featured a covered passageway architecture typical of medieval Islamic commercial districts. It was an integral part of Gaza's Old City commercial and social fabric. The market was destroyed by Israeli bombardment in December 2023, around the same time as the nearby Great Omari Mosque. The ruins suffered additional damage in July 2024. The destruction of Al-Qissariya represents a significant loss of medieval Palestinian commercial heritage and living tradition.
  ar: سوق الذهب (القيسارية) هو سوق تاريخي مغطى يعود إلى القرن الرابع عشر في المدينة القديمة بغزة، بجوار المسجد العمري الكبير. كان المركز الرئيسي لتجارة الذهب والصرافة لعدة قرون. دُمّر السوق بالقصف الإسرائيلي في ديسمبر 2023 وتعرض لمزيد من الأضرار في يوليو 2024.
architectural_features:
  building_type: covered market (souk)
  construction_period: 14th century (Mamluk period)
  architectural_style: Islamic/Mamluk commercial architecture
  features:
  - Covered passageways (qissariya style)
  - Vaulted ceilings
  - Traditional stone construction
  - Merchant shops and stalls
  notes: The covered market architecture protected traders and customers from sun and rain while creating a distinctive commercial atmosphere. The design was typical of medieval Islamic market districts throughout the Middle East.
economic_significance:
  primary_functions:
  - Gold and jewelry trading
  - Foreign currency exchange
  - Commercial hub for Old City
  notes: Al-Qissariya was the economic heart of Gaza's Old City, serving as the primary location for gold trade and currency exchange for generations of Gaza families.
conflict_damage_timeline:
- date: '2023-12-01'
  event: Initial destruction
  damage_description: Market destroyed by Israeli bombardment
  sources:
  - Multiple news sources
- date: '2024-07-01'
  event: Further damage
  damage_description: Ruins suffered additional damage from strikes
  sources:
  - ICOMOS Palestine report (August 2024)
timespan:
  begin_of_the_begin: '1300-01-01T00:00:00Z'
  end_of_the_begin: '1399-12-31T23:59:59Z'
  begin_of_the_end: '2023-12-01T00:00:00Z'
  end_of_the_end: '2023-12-31T23:59:59Z'
  notes: Al-Qissariya Market dated to the 14th century (Mamluk period) and operated continuously for approximately 700 years. Destroyed by Israeli bombardment in December 2023.
  sources:
  - Barakat Trust / Google Arts & Culture
  - ICOMOS Palestine (August 2024)
  - UNESCO verified list of damaged/destroyed cultural sites (4 November 2025)
heritage_significance:
  significance_level: international
  significance_notes:
  - 14th century (Mamluk era) commercial heritage
  - Approximately 700 years of continuous commercial activity
  - Central to Gaza's Old City economic and social life
  - Example of medieval Islamic covered market architecture
  - Irreplaceable loss of living commercial heritage tradition
  heritage_designations: []
related_sites:
- name: Great Omari Mosque
  ghcid: PS-GZ-GAZ-L-GOMAL
  relationship: adjacent
  notes: The Gold Market was located adjacent to the Great Omari Mosque. Both were destroyed around the same time in December 2023.