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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><!--THIS FILE IS GENERATED FROM AN XML MASTER. DO NOT EDIT (10)--><title>Example: <acquisition> (acquisition) </title><meta name="Language" content="en"/><meta name="DC.Title" content="Example: <acquisition> (acquisition) "/><meta name="DC.Language" content="SCHEME=iso639 en"/><meta charset="utf-8"/><link href="stylesheet.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/><link href="print.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="print"/></head><body id="TOP"><div class="mainhead"><h1>P5:
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Guidelines for Electronic Text Encoding and Interchange</h1></div><div class="main-content"><h2>§</h2><div style="margin-top: 0em;" class="miniTOC miniTOC_right"><ul class="subtoc"><li class="subtoc"/><li class="subtoc"/><li class="subtoc"><a class="navigation" href="index.html">Home</a></li><li class="subtoc"><a class="navigation" href="REF-ELEMENTS.html">C Elements</a></li></ul></div><h3>Example: <acquisition> (acquisition) </h3><p>These search results reproduce every example of the
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use of <acquisition> in the Guidelines, including all localised
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and translated versions. In some cases, the examples have been drawn
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from discussion of other elements in the Guidelines and illustrating
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the use of <acquisition>
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is not the main
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focus of the passage in question. In other cases, examples may be direct
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translations of each other, and hence identical from the perspective of
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their encoding.</p><ul><li><a href="#MS"><span class="headingNumber">11. </span><span class="head">Manuscript Description</span></a></li><li><a href="#ND"><span class="headingNumber">14. </span><span class="head">Names, Dates, People, and Places</span></a></li></ul><h4 id="MS"><span class="headingNumber">11. </span><span class="head">Manuscript Description</span></h4><hr/><p><a href="MS.html#msdesc"><span class="headingNumber">11.2. </span><span class="head">The Manuscript Description Element</span></a></p><div id="msdesc-egXML-jj" class="pre egXML_valid"><span class="element"><msDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><msIdentifier></span><br/> <span class="element"><settlement></span>Oxford<span class="element"></settlement></span><br/> <span class="element"><repository></span>Bodleian Library<span class="element"></repository></span><br/> <span class="element"><idno></span>MS. Add. A. 61<span class="element"></idno></span><br/> <span class="element"><altIdentifier <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">SC</span>"></span><br/> <span class="element"><idno></span>28843<span class="element"></idno></span><br/> <span class="element"></altIdentifier></span><br/> <span class="element"></msIdentifier></span><br/> <span class="element"><msContents></span><br/> <span class="element"><msItem></span><br/> <span class="element"><author <span class="attribute">xml:lang</span>="<span class="attributevalue">en</span>"></span>Geoffrey of Monmouth<span class="element"></author></span><br/> <span class="element"><author <span class="attribute">xml:lang</span>="<span class="attributevalue">la</span>"></span>Galfridus Monumetensis<span class="element"></author></span><br/> <span class="element"><title <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">uniform</span>" <span class="attribute">xml:lang</span>="<span class="attributevalue">la</span>"></span>De origine et gestis Regum Angliae<span class="element"></title></span><br/> <span class="element"><rubric <span class="attribute">xml:lang</span>="<span class="attributevalue">la</span>"></span>Hic incipit Bruitus Anglie<span class="element"></rubric></span><br/> <span class="element"><incipit <span class="attribute">xml:lang</span>="<span class="attributevalue">la</span>"></span>Cum mecum multa &amp; de multis<span class="element"></incipit></span><br/> <span class="element"><textLang <span class="attribute">mainLang</span>="<span class="attributevalue">la</span>"></span>Latin<span class="element"></textLang></span><br/> <span class="element"></msItem></span><br/> <span class="element"></msContents></span><br/> <span class="element"><physDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><objectDesc <span class="attribute">form</span>="<span class="attributevalue">codex</span>"></span><br/> <span class="element"><supportDesc <span class="attribute">material</span>="<span class="attributevalue">perg</span>"></span><br/> <span class="element"><support></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>Parchment.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></support></span><br/> <span class="element"><extent></span>i + 55 leaves <span class="element"><dimensions <span class="attribute">scope</span>="<span class="attributevalue">all</span>" <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">leaf</span>"<br/> <span class="attribute">unit</span>="<span class="attributevalue">inch</span>"></span><br/> <span class="element"><height></span>7¼<span class="element"></height></span><br/> <span class="element"><width></span>5⅜<span class="element"></width></span><br/> <span class="element"></dimensions></span><br/> <span class="element"></extent></span><br/> <span class="element"></supportDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><layoutDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><layout <span class="attribute">columns</span>="<span class="attributevalue">2</span>"></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>In double columns.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></layout></span><br/> <span class="element"></layoutDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"></objectDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><handDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>Written in more than one hand.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></handDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><decoDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>With a few coloured capitals.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></decoDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"></physDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><history></span><br/> <span class="element"><origin></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>Written in <span class="element"><origPlace></span>England<span class="element"></origPlace></span> in the <span class="element"><origDate <span class="attribute">notAfter</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1300</span>"<br/> <span class="attribute">notBefore</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1200</span>"></span>13th cent.<span class="element"></origDate></span><br/> <span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></origin></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>On fol. 54v very faint is <span class="element"><quote <span class="attribute">xml:lang</span>="<span class="attributevalue">la</span>"></span>Iste liber est fratris<br/> guillelmi de buria de <span class="element"><gap/></span> Roberti ordinis fratrum<br/> Pred<span class="element"><ex></span>icatorum<span class="element"></ex></span><br/> <span class="element"></quote></span>, 14th cent. (?): <span class="element"><quote></span>hanauilla<span class="element"></quote></span> is<br/> written at the foot of the page (15th cent.).<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>Bought from the rev. <span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">key</span>="<span class="attributevalue">MCRAYWD</span>"></span>W. D. Macray<span class="element"></name></span> on <span class="element"><date <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1863-03-17</span>"></span>March 17, 1863<span class="element"></date></span>, for £1 10s.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span><br/> <span class="element"></history></span><br/><span class="element"></msDesc></span></div><hr/><p><a href="ref-msDesc.html"><msDesc></a></p><div id="MSDESC-egXML-cc" class="pre egXML_valid"><span class="element"><msDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><msIdentifier></span><br/> <span class="element"><country></span>France<span class="element"></country></span><br/> <span class="element"><settlement></span>Paris<span class="element"></settlement></span><br/> <span class="element"><repository <span class="attribute">xml:lang</span>="<span class="attributevalue">fr</span>"></span>Bibliothèque nationale de France. Réserve des livres rares><span class="element"></repository></span><br/> <span class="element"><idno></span>RES P- YC- 1275<span class="element"></idno></span><br/><span class="comment"><!-- dans le cas des recueils : cote uniquement sans les sous-cotes --></span><br/> <span class="element"><altIdentifier></span><br/> <span class="element"><idno></span>Y. 1341<span class="element"></idno></span><br/> <span class="element"><note></span>Cote de la Bibliothèque royale au XVIIIe s. (Catalogue de 1750).<span class="element"></note></span><br/> <span class="element"></altIdentifier></span><br/> <span class="element"></msIdentifier></span><br/> <span class="element"><msContents></span><br/> <span class="element"><msItem></span><br/><span class="comment"><!-- pour le traitement des recueils la solution possible est de répéter l'élément <msItem> --></span><br/> <span class="element"><docAuthor></span><br/> <span class="element"><forename></span>Juvénal<span class="element"></forename></span><br/> <span class="element"></docAuthor></span><br/> <span class="element"><docAuthor></span><br/> <span class="element"><forename></span>Perse<span class="element"></forename></span><br/> <span class="element"></docAuthor></span><br/> <span class="element"><docTitle></span><br/> <span class="element"><titlePart <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">main</span>"/></span><br/> <span class="element"><titlePart <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">sub</span>"/></span><br/> <span class="element"></docTitle></span><br/> <span class="element"><docImprint></span><br/> <span class="element"><pubPlace></span>Venise<span class="element"></pubPlace></span><br/> <span class="element"><publisher></span>F. Torresani<span class="element"></publisher></span><br/><span class="comment"><!-- dans le Catalogue général: "in aedibus haeredum Aldi et Andreae soceri" --></span><br/> <span class="element"><publisher></span>G.-F. Torresani<span class="element"></publisher></span><br/> <span class="element"></docImprint></span><br/> <span class="element"><docDate <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1535</span>"></span>1535<span class="element"></docDate></span><br/> <span class="element"><note></span>In-8°.<span class="element"></note></span><br/><span class="comment"><!-- in-32°; in-24°; in-16°; in-8°; in-4°; in-folio; gr. folio --></span><br/> <span class="element"><note></span>Exemplaire avec rehauts peints en argent, or et bleu.<span class="element"></note></span><br/> <span class="element"><note></span><br/> <span class="element"><ref <span class="attribute">target</span>="<span class="attributevalue">http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb31088624r</span>"></span>Notice bibliographique<br/> dans le Catalogue général<span class="element"></ref></span><br/> <span class="element"></note></span><br/> <span class="element"></msItem></span><br/> <span class="element"></msContents></span><br/> <span class="element"><physDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span><br/> <span class="element"><ref <span class="attribute">target</span>="<span class="attributevalue">http://bnf.fr/ark://</span>"></span>Image de la reliure dans l'iconothèque<span class="element"></ref></span><br/><span class="comment"><!-- RC-B-05225 (plat sup.) --></span><br/> <span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"><objectDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><supportDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><extent></span><br/> <span class="element"><dimensions <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">binding</span>"></span><br/> <span class="element"><height <span class="attribute">unit</span>="<span class="attributevalue">mm</span>"></span>170<span class="element"></height></span><br/> <span class="element"><width <span class="attribute">unit</span>="<span class="attributevalue">mm</span>"></span>98<span class="element"></width></span><br/> <span class="element"><depth <span class="attribute">unit</span>="<span class="attributevalue">mm</span>"></span>15<span class="element"></depth></span><br/> <span class="element"></dimensions></span><br/> <span class="element"></extent></span><br/> <span class="element"></supportDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"></objectDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><bindingDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><binding <span class="attribute">contemporary</span>="<span class="attributevalue">true</span>"></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span><br/> <span class="element"><index <span class="attribute">indexName</span>="<span class="attributevalue">typo_reliure</span>"></span><br/> <span class="element"><term></span>Reliure à décor<span class="element"></term></span><br/> <span class="element"></index></span><br/> <span class="element"><index <span class="attribute">indexName</span>="<span class="attributevalue">typo_decor</span>"></span><br/> <span class="element"><term></span>Entrelacs géométriques<span class="element"></term></span><br/> <span class="element"></index></span> Reliure en <span class="element"><material></span>maroquin<span class="element"></material></span> brun jaspé<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"><decoNote <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">plats</span>"></span> à décor d’entrelacs géométriques (structure de losange et<br/> rectangle) complété de fers évidés.<span class="element"></decoNote></span><br/> <span class="element"><decoNote <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">plat_sup</span>"></span>Titre <span class="element"><q></span>ivvenalis. persivs<span class="element"></q></span> et ex-libris de Jean<br/> Grolier <span class="element"><q></span>io. grolierii et amicorvm.<span class="element"></q></span> dorés respectivement au centre et au bas<br/> du plat supérieur. <span class="element"></decoNote></span><br/> <span class="element"><decoNote <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">plat_inf</span>"></span>Devise de Jean Grolier<span class="element"><q></span>portio mea sit in terra<br/> viventivm<span class="element"></q></span> dorée au centre du plat inférieur.<span class="element"></decoNote></span><br/> <span class="element"><decoNote <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">dos</span>"></span>Dos à cinq nerfs, sans décor ; simple filet doré sur chaque<br/> nerf et en encadrement des caissons ; passages de chaînette marqués de même.<span class="element"></decoNote></span><br/> <span class="element"><decoNote <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">tranchefiles</span>"></span>Tranchefiles simples unicolores, vert foncé.<span class="element"></decoNote></span><br/> <span class="element"><decoNote <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">coupes</span>"></span>Filet doré sur les coupes.<span class="element"></decoNote></span><br/> <span class="element"><decoNote <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">annexes</span>"/></span><br/> <span class="element"><decoNote <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">tranches</span>"></span>Tranches dorées.<span class="element"></decoNote></span><br/> <span class="element"><decoNote <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">contreplats</span>"></span>Contreplats en vélin.<span class="element"></decoNote></span><br/> <span class="element"><decoNote <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">chasses</span>"></span>Filet doré sur les chasses.<span class="element"></decoNote></span><br/><span class="comment"><!-- Description des gardes : gardes blanches ; gardes couleurs (marbrées, gaufrées, peintes, dominotées, etc.) généralement suivies de gardes blanches ; dans tous les cas, spécifier le nombre de gardes (début + fin du volume)--></span><br/> <span class="element"><decoNote <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">gardes</span>"></span>Gardes en papier et vélin (2+1+2 / 2+1+2) ; filigrane au<br/> pot.<span class="element"><ref></span>Briquet N° XX<span class="element"></ref></span><br/> <span class="element"></decoNote></span><br/><span class="comment"><!-- Élément qui inclut aussi bien des remarques sur la couture que les charnières, claies ou modes d'attaches des plats : tous éléments de la structure dont la description est jugée utile à la description et l'identification de la reliure--></span><br/> <span class="element"><decoNote <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">structure</span>"></span>Defet manuscrit utilisé comme claie au contreplat<br/> inférieur (visible par transparence, sous la contregarde en vélin).<span class="element"></decoNote></span><br/> <span class="element"><condition></span>Traces de mouillures anciennes plus ou moins importantes au bas des<br/> feuillets, qui n'ont pas affecté la reliure ; éraflure en tête du plat<br/> inférieur.<span class="element"></condition></span><br/> <span class="element"></binding></span><br/> <span class="element"></bindingDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"></physDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><history></span><br/> <span class="element"><origin <span class="attribute">notBefore</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1540-01-01</span>"<br/> <span class="attribute">notAfter</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1547-09-15</span>"></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>Reliure exécutée pour Jean Grolier par Jean Picard, Paris, entre 1540 et 1547.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></origin></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><p/></span><br/> <span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span> <span class="attribute">notBefore</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1680-12-31</span>"<br/> <span class="attribute">notAfter</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1724-12-31</span>"></span>Estampille n° 1, utilisée de<br/> la fin du XVIIe siècle à 1724 (page de titre).<span class="element"></<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span><br/> <span class="element"></history></span><br/> <span class="element"><additional></span><br/> <span class="element"><adminInfo></span><br/> <span class="element"><recordHist></span><br/> <span class="element"><source></span>Notice établie à partir du document original<span class="element"></source></span><br/> <span class="element"><change <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">2009-10-05</span>"<br/> <span class="attribute">who</span>="<span class="attributevalue">#Markova</span>"></span>Description mise à jour le <span class="element"><date <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">crea</span>"></span>5 octobre 2009 <span class="element"></date></span>en vue de l'encodage en TEI des descriptions des reliure<br/> de la Réserve des livres rares<span class="element"></change></span><br/> <span class="element"><change <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">2009-06-01</span>"<br/> <span class="attribute">who</span>="<span class="attributevalue">#Le_Bars</span>"></span>Description revue le <span class="element"><date <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">maj</span>"></span>1er<br/> juin 2009 <span class="element"></date></span> par Fabienne Le Bars<span class="element"></change></span><br/> <span class="element"><change <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">2009-06-25</span>"<br/> <span class="attribute">who</span>="<span class="attributevalue">#Le_Bars</span>"></span>Description validée le<span class="element"><date <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">valid</span>"></span>25<br/> juin 2009<span class="element"></date></span>par Fabienne Le Bars<span class="element"></change></span><br/> <span class="element"></recordHist></span><br/> <span class="element"></adminInfo></span><br/> <span class="element"></additional></span><br/><span class="element"></msDesc></span></div><hr/><p><a href="MS.html#mshy"><span class="headingNumber">11.8. </span><span class="head">History</span></a></p><div id="mshy-egXML-ip" class="pre egXML_valid"><span class="element"><history></span><br/> <span class="element"><origin></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>Written in <span class="element"><origPlace></span>Durham<span class="element"></origPlace></span> during <span class="element"><origDate <span class="attribute">notBefore</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1125</span>"<br/> <span class="attribute">notAfter</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1175</span>"></span>the mid-twelfth<br/> century<span class="element"></origDate></span>.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></origin></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>Recorded in two medieval catalogues of the books belonging to<br/> <span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">org</span>"></span>Durham Priory<span class="element"></name></span>, made in <span class="element"><date></span>1391<span class="element"></date></span> and<br/> <span class="element"><date></span>1405<span class="element"></date></span>.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>Given to <span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">person</span>"></span>W. Olleyf<span class="element"></name></span> by <span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">person</span>"></span>William Ebchester, Prior (1446-56)<span class="element"></name></span> and later belonged to<br/> <span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">person</span>"></span>Henry Dalton<span class="element"></name></span>, Prior of Holy Island (<span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">place</span>"></span>Lindisfarne<span class="element"></name></span>) according to inscriptions on ff. 4v and 5.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>Presented to <span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">org</span>"></span>Trinity College<span class="element"></name></span> in<br/> <span class="element"><date></span>1738<span class="element"></date></span> by <span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">person</span>"></span>Thomas Gale<span class="element"></name></span> and his son <span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">person</span>"></span>Roger<span class="element"></name></span>.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span><br/><span class="element"></history></span></div><hr/><p><a href="MS.html#mshy"><span class="headingNumber">11.8. </span><span class="head">History</span></a></p><div id="mshy-egXML-th" class="pre egXML_valid"><span class="element"><history></span><br/> <span class="element"><origin <span class="attribute">notBefore</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1225</span>" <span class="attribute">notAfter</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1275</span>"></span> Written in Spain or Portugal in the<br/> middle of the 13th century (the date 1042, given in a marginal note on f. 97v,<br/> cannot be correct.)<span class="element"></origin></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance></span>The Spanish scholar <span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">person</span>"></span>Benito Arias Montano<span class="element"></name></span><br/> (1527-1598) has written his name on f. 97r, and may be presumed to have owned<br/> the manuscript. <span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance></span>It came somehow into the possession of <span class="element"><foreign <span class="attribute">xml:lang</span>="<span class="attributevalue">da</span>"></span>etatsråd<span class="element"></foreign></span><br/> <span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">person</span>"></span>Holger Parsberg<span class="element"></name></span> (1636-1692), who has written his name<br/> twice, once on the front pastedown and once on f. 1r, the former dated<br/> <span class="element"><date></span>1680<span class="element"></date></span> and the latter <span class="element"><date></span>1682<span class="element"></date></span>.<span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance></span>Following Parsberg's death the manuscript was bought by<br/> <span class="element"><foreign></span>etatsråd<span class="element"></foreign></span><br/> <span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">person</span>"></span>Jens Rosenkrantz<span class="element"></name></span> (1640-1695) when Parsberg's library<br/> was auctioned off (23 October 1693).<span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span> <span class="attribute">notBefore</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1696</span>"<br/> <span class="attribute">notAfter</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1697</span>"></span>The manuscript was acquired by<br/> Árni Magnússon from the estate of Jens Rosenkrantz, presumably at auction (the<br/> auction lot number 468 is written in red chalk on the flyleaf), either in 1696<br/> or 97.<span class="element"></<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span><br/><span class="element"></history></span></div><hr/><p><a href="ref-history.html"><history></a></p><div id="HISTORY-egXML-zj" class="pre egXML_valid"><span class="element"><history></span><br/> <span class="element"><origin></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>Written in Durham during the mid twelfth<br/> century.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></origin></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>Recorded in two medieval<br/> catalogues of the books belonging to Durham Priory, made in 1391 and<br/> 1405.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>Given to W. Olleyf by William Ebchester, Prior (1446-56)<br/> and later belonged to Henry Dalton, Prior of Holy Island (Lindisfarne)<br/> according to inscriptions on ff. 4v and 5.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>Presented to Trinity College in 1738 by<br/> Thomas Gale and his son Roger.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span><br/><span class="element"></history></span></div><hr/><p><a href="ref-history.html"><history></a></p><div id="HISTORY-egXML-qs" class="pre egXML_valid"><span class="element"><history></span><br/> <span class="element"><origin></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>最早由迦葉尊者以梵文手寫。<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></origin></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>後由菩提達摩傳給慧思禪師，再經由小野妹子於推古天皇十七年（西元609年）傳入日本。<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>淨嚴和尚於1694年以梵文悉曇體手寫抄錄。<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>穆勒（Max Muller）於1884年轉寫成天城體及羅馬拼音，傳至歐美國家。<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>現收藏於東京博物館。<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span><br/><span class="element"></history></span></div><hr/><p><a href="ref-acquisition.html"><acquisition></a></p><div id="ACQUISITION-egXML-my" class="pre egXML_valid"><span class="element"><<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span>Left to the <span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">place</span>"></span>Bodleian<span class="element"></name></span> by<br/><span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">person</span>"></span>Richard Rawlinson<span class="element"></name></span> in 1755.<br/><span class="element"></<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span></div><hr/><p><a href="ref-acquisition.html"><acquisition></a></p><div id="ACQUISITION-egXML-xp" class="pre egXML_valid"><span class="element"><<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span>Left to the <span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">place</span>"></span>Bodleian<span class="element"></name></span> by<span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">person</span>"></span>Richard<br/> Rawlinson<span class="element"></name></span> in 1755.<span class="element"></<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span></div><hr/><p><a href="ref-acquisition.html"><acquisition></a></p><div id="ACQUISITION-egXML-mc" class="pre egXML_valid"><span class="element"><<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span>1998年9 月30 日，<span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">institution</span>"></span>CBETA<span class="element"></name></span> 與<span class="element"><name <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">institution</span>"></span>日本大藏出版株式會社<span class="element"></name></span>簽約授權使用。<span class="element"></<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span></div><h4 id="ND"><span class="headingNumber">14. </span><span class="head">Names, Dates, People, and Places</span></h4><hr/><p><a href="ND.html#NDOBJ"><span class="headingNumber">14.3.6. </span><span class="head">Objects</span></a></p><div id="NDOBJ-egXML-ym" class="pre egXML_valid"><span class="element"><listObject></span><br/> <span class="element"><object <span class="attribute">xml:id</span>="<span class="attributevalue">TutankhamunMask</span>"></span><br/> <span class="element"><objectIdentifier></span><br/> <span class="element"><objectName <span class="attribute">xml:lang</span>="<span class="attributevalue">en</span>"></span>Mask of Tutankhamun<span class="element"></objectName></span><br/> <span class="element"><idno <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">carter</span>"></span>256a<span class="element"></idno></span><br/> <span class="element"><idno <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">JournalD'Entrée</span>"></span>60672<span class="element"></idno></span><br/> <span class="element"><idno <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">exhibition</span>"></span>220<span class="element"></idno></span><br/> <span class="element"><institution></span>Museum of Egyptian Antiquities<span class="element"></institution></span><br/> <span class="element"><address></span><br/> <span class="element"><street></span>15 Meret Basha<span class="element"></street></span><br/> <span class="element"><district></span>Ismailia<span class="element"></district></span><br/> <span class="element"><settlement></span>Cairo<span class="element"></settlement></span><br/> <span class="element"><country></span>Egypt<span class="element"></country></span><br/> <span class="element"><location></span><br/> <span class="element"><geo></span>30.047778 31.233333<span class="element"></geo></span><br/> <span class="element"></location></span><br/> <span class="element"></address></span><br/> <span class="element"></objectIdentifier></span><br/> <span class="element"><msContents></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>The back and shoulders of the mask is inscribed with a protective spell in Egyptian hieroglyphs formed of ten<br/> vertical and horizontal lines. This spell first appeared on masks in the Middle Kingdom at least 500 years<br/> before Tutankhamun, and comes from chapter 151 of the <span class="element"><title></span>Book of the Dead<span class="element"></title></span>.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></msContents></span><br/> <span class="element"><physDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>The mask of Tutankhamun is 54cm x 39.3cm x 49cm. It is constructed from two layers of high-karat gold that<br/> varies in thickness from 1.5-3mm. It weighs approximately 10.23kg and x-ray crystallography shows that it is<br/> composed of two alloys of gold with a lighter 18.4 karat shade being used for the face and neck while a heavier<br/> 22.5 karat gold was used for the rest of the mask.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>In the mask Tutankhamun wears a nemes headcloth which has the royal insignia of a cobra (Wadjet) and vulture<br/> (Nekhbet) on it. These are thought respectively to symbolize Tutankhamun's rule of both Lower Egypt and Upper<br/> Egypt. His ears are pierced for earrings. The mask has rich inlays of coloured glass and gemstones, including<br/> lapis lazuli surrounding the eye and eyebrows, quartz for the eyes, obsidian for the pupils. The broad collar is<br/> made up of carnelian, feldspar, turquoise, amazonite, faience and other stones.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></physDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><history></span><br/> <span class="element"><origin></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>The mask of Tutankhamun was created in <span class="element"><origPlace></span>Egypt<span class="element"></origPlace></span> around <span class="element"><origDate <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">-1323</span>" <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">circa</span>"></span>1323 BC<span class="element"></origDate></span>. It is a death mask of the 18th-dynasty ancient Egyptian Pharaoh Tutankhamun<br/> who reigned 1332–1323 BC.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></origin></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>The mask of Tutankhamun was found in his burial chamber at Theban Necropolis in the Valley of the Kings in<br/> 1922. On 28 October 1925 the excavation team led by English archaeologist Howard Carter opened the heavy<br/> sarcophagus and three coffins and were the first people in around 3,250 years to see the mask of Tutankhamun.<br/> Carter wrote in his diary: <span class="element"><quote></span> The pins removed, the lid was raised. The penultimate scene was disclosed –<br/> a very neatly wrapped mummy of the young king, with golden mask of sad but tranquil expression, symbolizing<br/> Osiris … the mask bears that god's attributes, but the likeness is that of Tut.Ankh.Amen – placid and<br/> beautiful, with the same features as we find upon his statues and coffins. The mask has fallen slightly<br/> back, thus its gaze is straight up to the heavens. <span class="element"></quote></span><br/> <span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span> In December 1925, the mask was removed from the tomb, placed in a crate and transported 635<br/> kilometres (395 mi) to the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, where it remains on public display. <span class="element"></<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span><br/> <span class="element"></history></span><br/> <span class="element"><additional></span><br/> <span class="element"><adminInfo></span><br/> <span class="element"><custodialHist></span><br/> <span class="element"><custEvent <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1944</span>"></span>When it was discovered in 1925, the 2.5kg narrow gold beard was no longer attached to<br/> the mask and was reattached to the chin by use of a wooden dowel in 1944.<span class="element"></custEvent></span><br/> <span class="element"><custEvent <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">2014-08</span>"></span> In August 2014 when the mask was removed from its display case for cleaning, the<br/> beard fell off again. Those working in the museum unadvisedly used a quick-drying epoxy to attempt to fix<br/> it, but left the beard off-centre. <span class="element"></custEvent></span><br/> <span class="element"><custEvent <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">2015-01</span>"></span>The damage was noticed and repaired in January 2015 by a German-Egyptian team who<br/> used beeswax, a material known to be used as adhesives by the ancient Egyptians.<span class="element"></custEvent></span><br/> <span class="element"></custodialHist></span><br/> <span class="element"></adminInfo></span><br/> <span class="element"></additional></span><br/> <span class="element"></object></span><br/><span class="element"></listObject></span></div><hr/><p><a href="ND.html#NDOBJ"><span class="headingNumber">14.3.6. </span><span class="head">Objects</span></a></p><div id="NDOBJ-egXML-qn" class="pre egXML_valid"><br/><span class="comment"><!-- Inside <standOff>: --></span><span class="element"><listObject></span><br/> <span class="element"><object <span class="attribute">xml:id</span>="<span class="attributevalue">Alfred-Jewel</span>"></span><br/> <span class="element"><objectIdentifier></span><br/> <span class="element"><country></span>United Kingdom<span class="element"></country></span><br/> <span class="element"><region></span>Oxfordshire<span class="element"></region></span><br/> <span class="element"><settlement></span>Oxford<span class="element"></settlement></span><br/> <span class="element"><institution></span>University of Oxford<span class="element"></institution></span><br/> <span class="element"><repository></span>Ashmolean Museum<span class="element"></repository></span><br/> <span class="element"><collection></span>English Treasures<span class="element"></collection></span><br/> <span class="element"><idno <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">ashmolean</span>"></span>AN1836p.135.371<span class="element"></idno></span><br/> <span class="element"><idno <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">wikipedia</span>"></span>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Jewel<span class="element"></idno></span><br/> <span class="element"><objectName></span>Alfred Jewel<span class="element"></objectName></span><br/> <span class="element"></objectIdentifier></span><br/> <span class="element"><physDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>The Alfred Jewel is about 6.4 cm in length and is made of combination of filigreed <span class="element"><material></span>gold<span class="element"></material></span><br/> surrounding a polished teardrop shaped piece of transparent <span class="element"><material></span>quartz<span class="element"></material></span>. Underneath the rock<br/> crystal is a cloisonné enamel image of a man with ecclesiastical symbols. The sides of the jewel holding the<br/> crystal in place contain an openwork inscription saying "AELFRED MEC HEHT GEWYRCAN", meaning 'Alfred ordered me<br/> made'.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></physDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><history></span><br/> <span class="element"><origin></span>It is generally accepted that the Alfred Jewel dates from the <span class="element"><origDate></span>late 9th Century<span class="element"></origDate></span> and<br/> was most likely made in <span class="element"><origPlace></span>England<span class="element"></origPlace></span>. <span class="element"></origin></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1693</span>"></span>The jewel was discovered in 1693 at Petherton Park, North Petherton in the English county<br/> of Somerset, on land owned by Sir Thomas Wroth. North Petherton is about 8 miles away from Athelney, where King<br/> Alfred founded a monastery. <span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1698</span>"></span>A description of the Alfred Jewel was first published in 1698, in the Philosophical<br/> Transactions of the Royal Society.<span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span> It was bequeathed to Oxford University by Colonel Nathaniel Palmer (c. 1661-1718) and today is in<br/> the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford. <span class="element"></<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span><br/> <span class="element"></history></span><br/> <span class="element"></object></span><br/><span class="element"></listObject></span><br/><span class="comment"><!-- Inside <text>: --></span><br/><span class="element"><p></span> The <span class="element"><objectName <span class="attribute">ref</span>="<span class="attributevalue">#MinsterLovellJewel</span>"></span>Minster Lovell Jewel<span class="element"></objectName></span> is probably the most similar to the<br/><span class="element"><objectName <span class="attribute">ref</span>="<span class="attributevalue">#Alfred-Jewel</span>"></span>Alfred Jewel<span class="element"></objectName></span> and was found in <span class="element"><placeName <span class="attribute">ref</span>="<span class="attributevalue">#MinsterLovell</span>"></span>Minster<br/> Lovell<span class="element"></placeName></span> in <span class="element"><placeName <span class="attribute">ref</span>="<span class="attributevalue">#Oxfordshire</span>"></span>Oxfordshire<span class="element"></placeName></span> and is kept at the <span class="element"><orgName <span class="attribute">ref</span>="<span class="attributevalue">#AshmoleanMuseum</span>"></span>Ashmolean Museum<span class="element"></orgName></span>.<br/><span class="element"></p></span></div><hr/><p><a href="ref-object.html"><object></a></p><div id="gi-object-egXML-tv" class="pre egXML_valid"><span class="element"><listObject></span><br/> <span class="element"><object <span class="attribute">xml:id</span>="<span class="attributevalue">Alfred_Jewel</span>"></span><br/> <span class="element"><objectIdentifier></span><br/> <span class="element"><country></span>United Kingdom<span class="element"></country></span><br/> <span class="element"><region></span>Oxfordshire<span class="element"></region></span><br/> <span class="element"><settlement></span>Oxford<span class="element"></settlement></span><br/> <span class="element"><institution></span>University of Oxford<span class="element"></institution></span><br/> <span class="element"><repository></span>Ashmolean Museum<span class="element"></repository></span><br/> <span class="element"><collection></span>English Treasures<span class="element"></collection></span><br/> <span class="element"><idno <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">ashmolean</span>"></span>AN1836p.135.371<span class="element"></idno></span><br/> <span class="element"><idno <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">wikipedia</span>"></span>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Jewel<span class="element"></idno></span><br/> <span class="element"><objectName></span>Alfred Jewel<span class="element"></objectName></span><br/> <span class="element"></objectIdentifier></span><br/> <span class="element"><physDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span> The Alfred Jewel is about 6.4 cm in length and is made of combination of filigreed <span class="element"><material></span>gold<span class="element"></material></span><br/> surrounding a polished teardrop shaped piece of transparent <span class="element"><material></span>quartz<span class="element"></material></span>. Underneath the rock<br/> crystal is a cloisonné enamel image of a man with ecclesiastical symbols. The sides of the jewel holding the<br/> crystal in place contain an openwork inscription saying "AELFRED MEC HEHT GEWYRCAN", meaning 'Alfred ordered<br/> me made'. <span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></physDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><history></span><br/> <span class="element"><origin></span>It is generally accepted that the Alfred Jewel dates from the <span class="element"><origDate></span>late 9th Century<span class="element"></origDate></span> and<br/> was most likely made in <span class="element"><origPlace></span>England<span class="element"></origPlace></span>. <span class="element"></origin></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1693</span>"></span>The jewel was discovered in 1693 at Petherton Park, North Petherton in the English<br/> county of Somerset, on land owned by Sir Thomas Wroth. North Petherton is about 8 miles away from Athelney,<br/> where King Alfred founded a monastery. <span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1698</span>"></span>A description of the Alfred Jewel was first published in 1698, in the Philosophical<br/> Transactions of the Royal Society.<span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span> It was bequeathed to Oxford University by Colonel Nathaniel Palmer (c. 1661-1718) and today is in<br/> the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford. <span class="element"></<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span><br/> <span class="element"></history></span><br/> <span class="element"></object></span><br/><span class="element"></listObject></span><br/><span class="comment"><!-- Elsewhere in document --></span><br/><span class="element"><p></span> The <span class="element"><objectName <span class="attribute">ref</span>="<span class="attributevalue">#MinsterLovellJewel</span>"></span>Minster Lovell Jewel<span class="element"></objectName></span> is probably the most similar to the<br/><span class="element"><objectName <span class="attribute">ref</span>="<span class="attributevalue">#Alfred_Jewel</span>"></span>Alfred Jewel<span class="element"></objectName></span> and was found in <span class="element"><placeName <span class="attribute">ref</span>="<span class="attributevalue">#MinsterLovell</span>"></span>Minster<br/> Lovell<span class="element"></placeName></span> in <span class="element"><placeName <span class="attribute">ref</span>="<span class="attributevalue">#Oxfordshire</span>"></span>Oxfordshire<span class="element"></placeName></span> and is kept at the <span class="element"><orgName <span class="attribute">ref</span>="<span class="attributevalue">#AshmoleanMuseum</span>"></span>Ashmolean Museum<span class="element"></orgName></span>.<br/><span class="element"></p></span></div><hr/><p><a href="ref-object.html"><object></a></p><div id="gi-object-egXML-fn" class="pre egXML_valid"><span class="element"><listObject></span><br/> <span class="element"><object <span class="attribute">xml:id</span>="<span class="attributevalue">MaskOfTutankhamun</span>"></span><br/> <span class="element"><objectIdentifier></span><br/> <span class="element"><objectName <span class="attribute">xml:lang</span>="<span class="attributevalue">en</span>"></span>Mask of Tutankhamun<span class="element"></objectName></span><br/> <span class="element"><idno <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">carter</span>"></span>256a<span class="element"></idno></span><br/> <span class="element"><idno <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">JournalD'Entrée</span>"></span>60672<span class="element"></idno></span><br/> <span class="element"><idno <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">exhibition</span>"></span>220<span class="element"></idno></span><br/> <span class="element"><institution></span>Museum of Egyptian Antiquities<span class="element"></institution></span><br/> <span class="element"><address></span><br/> <span class="element"><street></span>15 Meret Basha<span class="element"></street></span><br/> <span class="element"><district></span>Ismailia<span class="element"></district></span><br/> <span class="element"><settlement></span>Cairo<span class="element"></settlement></span><br/> <span class="element"><country></span>Egypt<span class="element"></country></span><br/> <span class="element"><location></span><br/> <span class="element"><geo></span>30.047778 31.233333<span class="element"></geo></span><br/> <span class="element"></location></span><br/> <span class="element"></address></span><br/> <span class="element"></objectIdentifier></span><br/> <span class="element"><msContents></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>The back and shoulders of the mask is inscribed with a protective spell in Egyptian hieroglyphs formed of ten<br/> vertical and horizontal lines. This spell first appeared on masks in the Middle Kingdom at least 500 years<br/> before Tutankhamun, and comes from chapter 151 of the <span class="element"><title></span>Book of the Dead<span class="element"></title></span>.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></msContents></span><br/> <span class="element"><physDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span> The mask of Tutankhamun is 54cm x 39.3cm x 49cm. It is constructed from two layers of high-karat gold that<br/> varies in thickness from 1.5-3mm. It weighs approximately 10.23kg and x-ray crystallography shows that it is<br/> composed of two alloys of gold with a lighter 18.4 karat shade being used for the face and neck while a heavier<br/> 22.5 karat gold was used for the rest of the mask.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>In the mask Tutankhamun wears a nemes headcloth which has the royal insignia of a cobra (Wadjet) and vulture<br/> (Nekhbet) on it. These are thought respectively to symbolize Tutankhamun's rule of both Lower Egypt and Upper<br/> Egypt. His ears are pierced for earrings. The mask has rich inlays of coloured glass and gemstones, including<br/> lapis lazuli surrounding the eye and eyebrows, quartz for the eyes, obsidian for the pupils. The broad collar is<br/> made up of carnelian, feldspar, turquoise, amazonite, faience and other stones.<span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></physDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><history></span><br/> <span class="element"><origin></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>The mask of Tutankhamun was created in <span class="element"><origPlace></span>Egypt<span class="element"></origPlace></span> around <span class="element"><origDate <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">-1323</span>" <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">circa</span>"></span>1323 BC<span class="element"></origDate></span>. It is a death mask of the 18th-dynasty ancient Egyptian Pharaoh Tutankhamun<br/> who reigned 1332–1323 BC. <span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></origin></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span>The mask of Tutankhamun was found in his burial chamber at Theban Necropolis in the Valley of the Kings in<br/> 1922. On 28 October 1925 the excavation team led by English archaeologist Howard Carter opened the heavy<br/> sarcophagus and three coffins and were the first people in around 3,250 years to see the mask of Tutankhamun.<br/> Carter wrote in his diary: <span class="element"><quote></span> The pins removed, the lid was raised. The penultimate scene was disclosed –<br/> a very neatly wrapped mummy of the young king, with golden mask of sad but tranquil expression, symbolizing<br/> Osiris … the mask bears that god's attributes, but the likeness is that of Tut.Ankh.Amen – placid and<br/> beautiful, with the same features as we find upon his statues and coffins. The mask has fallen slightly<br/> back, thus its gaze is straight up to the heavens. <span class="element"></quote></span><br/> <span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span> In December 1925, the mask was removed from the tomb, placed in a crate and transported 635<br/> kilometres (395 mi) to the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, where it remains on public display. <span class="element"></<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span><br/> <span class="element"></history></span><br/> <span class="element"><additional></span><br/> <span class="element"><adminInfo></span><br/> <span class="element"><custodialHist></span><br/> <span class="element"><custEvent <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1944</span>"></span>When it was discovered in 1925, the 2.5kg narrow gold beard was no longer attached to<br/> the mask and was reattached to the chin by use of a wooden dowel in 1944.<span class="element"></custEvent></span><br/> <span class="element"><custEvent <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">2014-08</span>"></span> In August 2014 when the mask was removed from its display case for cleaning, the<br/> beard fell off again. Those working in the museum unadvisedly used a quick-drying epoxy to attempt to fix<br/> it, but left the beard off-centre. <span class="element"></custEvent></span><br/> <span class="element"><custEvent <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">2015-01</span>"></span>The damage was noticed and repaired in January 2015 by a German-Egyptian team who<br/> used beeswax, a material known to be used as adhesives by the ancient Egyptians.<span class="element"></custEvent></span><br/> <span class="element"></custodialHist></span><br/> <span class="element"></adminInfo></span><br/> <span class="element"></additional></span><br/> <span class="element"></object></span><br/><span class="element"></listObject></span></div><hr/><p><a href="ref-listObject.html"><listObject></a></p><div id="gi-listObject-egXML-ys" class="pre egXML_valid"><span class="element"><listObject></span><br/> <span class="element"><object <span class="attribute">xml:id</span>="<span class="attributevalue">AlfredJewel</span>"></span><br/> <span class="element"><objectIdentifier></span><br/> <span class="element"><country></span>United Kingdom<span class="element"></country></span><br/> <span class="element"><region></span>Oxfordshire<span class="element"></region></span><br/> <span class="element"><settlement></span>Oxford<span class="element"></settlement></span><br/> <span class="element"><institution></span>University of Oxford<span class="element"></institution></span><br/> <span class="element"><repository></span>Ashmolean Museum<span class="element"></repository></span><br/> <span class="element"><collection></span>English Treasures<span class="element"></collection></span><br/> <span class="element"><idno <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">ashmolean</span>"></span>AN1836p.135.371<span class="element"></idno></span><br/> <span class="element"><idno <span class="attribute">type</span>="<span class="attributevalue">wikipedia</span>"></span>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Jewel<span class="element"></idno></span><br/> <span class="element"><objectName></span>Alfred Jewel<span class="element"></objectName></span><br/> <span class="element"></objectIdentifier></span><br/> <span class="element"><physDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><p></span> The Alfred Jewel is about 6.4 cm in length and is made of combination of filigreed <span class="element"><material></span>gold<span class="element"></material></span><br/> surrounding a polished teardrop shaped piece of transparent <span class="element"><material></span>quartz<span class="element"></material></span>. Underneath the rock crystal<br/> is a cloisonné enamel image of a man with ecclesiastical symbols. The sides of the jewel holding the crystal in<br/> place contain an openwork inscription saying "AELFRED MEC HEHT GEWYRCAN", meaning 'Alfred ordered me made'. <span class="element"></p></span><br/> <span class="element"></physDesc></span><br/> <span class="element"><history></span><br/> <span class="element"><origin></span>It is generally accepted that the Alfred Jewel dates from the <span class="element"><origDate></span>late 9th Century<span class="element"></origDate></span> and was<br/> most likely made in <span class="element"><origPlace></span>England<span class="element"></origPlace></span>. <span class="element"></origin></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1693</span>"></span>The jewel was discovered in 1693 at Petherton Park, North Petherton in the English county of<br/> Somerset, on land owned by Sir Thomas Wroth. North Petherton is about 8 miles away from Athelney, where King Alfred<br/> founded a monastery. <span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><provenance <span class="attribute">when</span>="<span class="attributevalue">1698</span>"></span>A description of the Alfred Jewel was first published in 1698, in the Philosophical<br/> Transactions of the Royal Society.<span class="element"></provenance></span><br/> <span class="element"><<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span> It was bequeathed to Oxford University by Colonel Nathaniel Palmer (c. 1661-1718) and today is in the<br/> Ashmolean Museum in Oxford. <span class="element"></<span class="highlightelementname">acquisition</span>></span><br/> <span class="element"></history></span><br/> <span class="element"></object></span><br/><span class="element"></listObject></span></div></div><div class="stdfooter autogenerated"><address><br/>TEI Guidelines P5 <a class="link_ref" href="AB.html#ABTEI4" title="Future Developments and Version Numbers">Version</a> 4.10.2. Last updated on <span class="date">4th September 2025</span>, revision <a class="link_ref" href="https://github.com/TEIC/TEI/commit/bcfa98f42">bcfa98f42</a>. This page generated on 2025-09-04T16:07:18Z.</address></div></body></html> |