glam/schemas/20251121/linkml/modules/classes/EncompassingBody.yaml
2025-11-25 12:48:07 +01:00

651 lines
27 KiB
YAML

# EncompassingBody Class Hierarchy
# Models extra-organizational governance - parent organizations that encompass custodians
id: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/class/EncompassingBody
name: EncompassingBody
imports:
- linkml:types
- ../enums/EncompassingBodyTypeEnum
prefixes:
hc: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/
org: http://www.w3.org/ns/org#
skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
schema: http://schema.org/
dcterms: http://purl.org/dc/terms/
tooi: https://identifier.overheid.nl/tooi/def/ont/
cpov: http://data.europa.eu/m8g/
foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
default_prefix: hc
slots:
id:
identifier: true
range: uriorcurie
organization_name:
range: string
organization_type:
range: EncompassingBodyTypeEnum
description:
range: string
legal_form:
range: string
founding_date:
range: date
dissolution_date:
range: date
member_custodians:
range: uriorcurie
multivalued: true
governance_authority:
range: string
service_offerings:
range: string
multivalued: true
membership_criteria:
range: string
identifiers:
range: uriorcurie
multivalued: true
website:
range: uri
classes:
EncompassingBody:
class_uri: org:Organization
abstract: true
description: >-
An extra-organizational governance entity that encompasses, oversees, or coordinates
heritage custodian organizations. Represents the broader organizational context in which
custodians operate, extending beyond internal organizational structure (OrganizationalStructure)
and legal registration (CustodianLegalStatus.governance_structure).
**THREE TYPES OF ENCOMPASSING BODIES**:
1. **UmbrellaOrganisation** - LEGAL parent organizations
- Defined in articles of association, foundation statutes, or legislation
- Permanent hierarchical legal structure
- Example: Ministry of OCW governing National Archives
2. **NetworkOrganisation** - SERVICE provider networks
- Temporary agreements/treaties providing services to members
- NOT legally imposed, members choose to participate
- Example: Digital Heritage Network providing preservation services
3. **Consortium** - MUTUAL assistance bodies
- Temporary collaborative agreements for mutual benefit
- Members help each other (peer-to-peer)
- Example: Library Consortium for shared cataloging
**Key Distinction from GovernanceStructure**:
- **GovernanceStructure** (on CustodianLegalStatus): Internal structure of the legal entity itself
(board of trustees, directors, departments)
- **EncompassingBody**: External parent/umbrella organizations that govern or coordinate
multiple custodians
**Key Distinction from OrganizationalStructure**:
- **OrganizationalStructure** (on Custodian): Internal operational units
(departments, teams, divisions)
- **EncompassingBody**: External organizations that custodian is part of or member of
**Ontological Alignment**:
- W3C ORG: `org:Organization` (parent class for all organizational entities)
- TOOI: `tooi:Samenwerkingsorganisatie` (Dutch collaborative organizations)
- Schema.org: `schema:Organization`, `schema:Consortium`
- CPOV: `cpov:PublicOrganisation` (for public sector umbrella bodies)
- FOAF: `foaf:Organization`
**Relationship Properties**:
Uses `org:subOrganizationOf` from Custodian → EncompassingBody to express:
- "National Archives is sub-organization of Ministry OCW" (UmbrellaOrganisation)
- "Museum is member of Digital Heritage Network" (NetworkOrganisation)
- "Library participates in Cataloging Consortium" (Consortium)
slots:
- id
- organization_name
- organization_type
- description
- legal_form
- founding_date
- dissolution_date
- member_custodians
- governance_authority
- service_offerings
- membership_criteria
- identifiers
- website
slot_usage:
id:
identifier: true
required: true
range: uriorcurie
description: >-
Unique identifier for this encompassing body.
Format: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/{type}/{slug}
pattern: "^https://nde\\.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/[a-z-]+/[a-z0-9-]+$"
examples:
- value: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/umbrella/nl-ministry-ocw"
description: "URI for Ministry OCW as umbrella organization"
- value: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/network/digital-heritage-nl"
description: "URI for Digital Heritage Network"
organization_name:
slot_uri: skos:prefLabel
required: true
range: string
description: >-
Official name of the encompassing organization.
SKOS: prefLabel for preferred label.
examples:
- value: "Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap"
description: "Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science"
- value: "Digital Heritage Network"
description: "Service network for digital preservation"
organization_type:
required: true
range: EncompassingBodyTypeEnum
description: >-
Type of encompassing body (UMBRELLA, NETWORK, CONSORTIUM).
Determines governance model and relationship nature.
examples:
- value: "UMBRELLA"
description: "Legal parent organization"
- value: "NETWORK"
description: "Service provider network"
description:
range: string
description: >-
Textual description of the encompassing body's role, mandate, and scope.
examples:
- value: >-
The Ministry of OCW oversees national cultural heritage institutions
including the National Archives, Rijksmuseum, and National Library.
legal_form:
slot_uri: org:classification
range: string
description: >-
Legal form of the encompassing organization (ministry, foundation, association, etc.).
W3C ORG: classification for organizational type classification.
examples:
- value: "Government ministry"
- value: "Non-profit foundation"
- value: "Professional association"
founding_date:
slot_uri: schema:foundingDate
range: date
description: >-
Date when the encompassing organization was established.
Schema.org: foundingDate for organization establishment.
examples:
- value: "1965-07-01"
description: "Ministry established July 1965"
dissolution_date:
slot_uri: schema:dissolutionDate
range: date
description: >-
Date when the encompassing organization was dissolved (if applicable).
NULL if still active.
examples:
- value: "2020-12-31"
description: "Consortium dissolved end of 2020"
member_custodians:
slot_uri: org:hasSubOrganization
range: uriorcurie
multivalued: true
inlined_as_list: true
description: >-
Heritage custodians that are members of or governed by this encompassing body.
**URI References**: URIs to Custodian entities (avoids circular dependency).
Format: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/{country}/{institution-slug}
**W3C ORG Property**: `org:hasSubOrganization` - "Represents hierarchical
containment of Organizations or OrganizationalUnits; indicates an Organization
which is a sub-part or child of this Organization."
- Domain: org:Organization (EncompassingBody)
- Range: org:Organization (Custodian)
- Inverse: `org:subOrganizationOf` (from Custodian)
**Relationship Types by EncompassingBody Type**:
- **UmbrellaOrganisation**: Legal subordination (ministry → national archives)
- **NetworkOrganisation**: Service membership (network → participating museums)
- **Consortium**: Collaborative participation (consortium → member libraries)
**Temporal Dynamics**:
Membership can change over time - custodians join/leave networks, ministries
reorganize, consortia evolve. Track changes with temporal validity.
examples:
- value: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/nl/nationaal-archief"
description: "URI reference to National Archives"
governance_authority:
range: string
description: >-
Nature and extent of governance authority this body exercises over members.
**UmbrellaOrganisation**: Strong authority (sets policy, approves budgets, appoints directors)
**NetworkOrganisation**: Service authority (defines service standards, coordinates activities)
**Consortium**: Coordination authority (facilitates collaboration, no direct control)
examples:
- value: >-
Ministry exercises budgetary oversight and appoints institutional directors.
description: "Umbrella authority example"
- value: >-
Network coordinates digital preservation services but members retain autonomy.
description: "Network authority example"
service_offerings:
range: string
multivalued: true
description: >-
Services provided by this encompassing body to member custodians.
**Primarily for NetworkOrganisation and Consortium types**.
UmbrellaOrganisations typically provide governance, not services.
examples:
- value: "Digital preservation infrastructure"
- value: "Shared cataloging platform"
- value: "Professional development training"
- value: "Bulk licensing negotiations"
membership_criteria:
range: string
description: >-
Criteria for custodians to become members of this encompassing body.
**UmbrellaOrganisation**: Defined by law/statute (non-voluntary)
**NetworkOrganisation**: Service eligibility criteria (voluntary)
**Consortium**: Membership agreement criteria (voluntary)
examples:
- value: "Dutch government heritage institutions established by law"
description: "Umbrella criteria (non-voluntary)"
- value: "Museums with digitization programs seeking preservation services"
description: "Network criteria (voluntary)"
identifiers:
slot_uri: dcterms:identifier
range: uriorcurie
multivalued: true
inlined_as_list: true
description: >-
External identifiers for this encompassing organization (Wikidata, VIAF, etc.).
**URI Format**: Use standard identifier URIs:
- Wikidata: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2294910
- VIAF: https://viaf.org/viaf/123456789
- ISNI: https://isni.org/isni/0000000123456789
examples:
- value: "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2294910"
description: "Wikidata URI for Dutch Ministry OCW"
website:
slot_uri: schema:url
range: uri
description: >-
Official website of the encompassing organization.
examples:
- value: "https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/ministeries/ministerie-van-onderwijs-cultuur-en-wetenschap"
description: "Ministry OCW website"
exact_mappings:
- org:Organization
close_mappings:
- tooi:Samenwerkingsorganisatie
- schema:Organization
- cpov:PublicOrganisation
- foaf:Organization
comments:
- "EncompassingBody is abstract - use one of three concrete subclasses"
- "Extends governance modeling BEYOND internal structure to external relationships"
- "Complements but does not replace GovernanceStructure or OrganizationalStructure"
- "Three types reflect different governance models: legal (umbrella), service (network), collaborative (consortium)"
UmbrellaOrganisation:
is_a: EncompassingBody
class_uri: org:FormalOrganization
description: >-
A legal parent organization with formal governance authority over heritage custodians,
defined in articles of association, foundation statutes, or legislation. Represents
PERMANENT hierarchical legal structures.
**Characteristics**:
- **Legal basis**: Defined in founding documents, statutes, or laws
- **Authority**: Strong governance authority (budgets, appointments, policy)
- **Permanence**: Permanent structure (changes require legal amendments)
- **Relationship**: Legal subordination (parent-child hierarchy)
**Examples**:
- **Ministry governing national cultural institutions**:
- Ministry of OCW → National Archives, Rijksmuseum, National Library
- Defined in Dutch government legislation
- **Foundation board governing museum**:
- Museum Board of Trustees → Museum operations
- Defined in foundation statutes
- **University governing university libraries**:
- University administration → University library system
- Defined in university charter
- **Religious order governing monastery archives**:
- Franciscan Order → Franciscan Archive
- Defined in religious constitution
**Ontological Alignment**:
- W3C ORG: `org:FormalOrganization` - "An Organization which is recognized in
the world at large, in particular in legal jurisdictions, with associated rights
and responsibilities."
- TOOI: `tooi:Ministerie`, `tooi:RegionaalOpenbaarLichaam` (Dutch government bodies)
- CPOV: `cpov:PublicOrganisation` (for public sector umbrella bodies)
- Schema.org: `schema:GovernmentOrganization`, `schema:EducationalOrganization`
**Temporal Dynamics**:
Umbrella relationships typically persist over long periods. Changes occur through:
- Government reorganizations (ministries merge/split)
- Legal entity changes (foundation restructuring)
- Policy reforms (agencies transferred between ministries)
slot_usage:
organization_type:
range: EncompassingBodyTypeEnum
required: true
equals_string: "UMBRELLA"
description: "Must be UMBRELLA for UmbrellaOrganisation"
governance_authority:
required: true
description: >-
Detailed description of legal governance authority.
Must document legal basis (statute, law, articles of association).
examples:
- value: >-
Ministry OCW exercises governance authority over National Archives under
Dutch Heritage Act 2016. Authority includes budget approval, director
appointment, and policy oversight.
legal_form:
required: true
description: "Legal form is required for umbrella organizations"
examples:
- value: "Government ministry"
- value: "Foundation board"
- value: "University governing body"
exact_mappings:
- org:FormalOrganization
close_mappings:
- tooi:Ministerie
- tooi:RegionaalOpenbaarLichaam
- cpov:PublicOrganisation
- schema:GovernmentOrganization
comments:
- "UmbrellaOrganisation represents LEGAL parent-child relationships"
- "Changes to umbrella relationships require legal/statutory amendments"
- "Permanent structure - not temporary agreements"
examples:
- value:
id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/umbrella/nl-ministry-ocw"
organization_name: "Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap"
organization_type: "UMBRELLA"
legal_form: "Government ministry"
founding_date: "1965-07-01"
governance_authority: >-
Exercises governance over Dutch national cultural heritage institutions
under Heritage Act 2016. Authority includes budget oversight, director
appointments, and strategic policy direction.
member_custodians:
- hc_id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/nl-na"
preferred_label: "Nationaal Archief"
- hc_id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/nl-nh-ams-m-rm"
preferred_label: "Rijksmuseum"
website: "https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/ministeries/ocw"
description: "Dutch Ministry OCW as umbrella organization for national heritage"
NetworkOrganisation:
is_a: EncompassingBody
class_uri: schema:Organization
description: >-
A service provider network that coordinates and delivers services to member heritage
custodians through TEMPORARY agreements or treaties. Members choose to participate
to access services; participation is NOT legally imposed.
**Characteristics**:
- **Service-oriented**: Provides infrastructure, platforms, training, coordination
- **Voluntary membership**: Custodians choose to join for service benefits
- **Temporary agreements**: Based on contracts/treaties, not permanent legal structure
- **Limited authority**: Coordinates services but no direct governance over members
**Examples**:
- **Digital Heritage Network (Netherlands)**:
- Provides digital preservation infrastructure to museums, archives, libraries
- Members pay fees for services
- No governance authority over member institutions
- **DPLA (Digital Public Library of America)**:
- Aggregates digital collections from libraries/archives
- Members contribute metadata for aggregation
- No control over member collection policies
- **Europeana**:
- European digital heritage aggregation network
- Museums/archives contribute digitized collections
- Coordination, not governance
- **Regional archive networks**:
- Shared conservation labs, digitization services
- Temporary service agreements between institutions
**Ontological Alignment**:
- Schema.org: `schema:Organization` (general organization type)
- W3C ORG: `org:Organization` (parent class)
- TOOI: `tooi:Samenwerkingsorganisatie` (Dutch collaborative organizations)
**Temporal Dynamics**:
Network memberships fluctuate - custodians join/leave based on service needs.
Networks themselves may dissolve if service model becomes obsolete or funding ends.
Track membership changes with temporal validity.
slot_usage:
organization_type:
range: EncompassingBodyTypeEnum
required: true
equals_string: "NETWORK"
description: "Must be NETWORK for NetworkOrganisation"
service_offerings:
required: true
description: >-
Services provided to member custodians.
Required field for NetworkOrganisation (defines purpose).
examples:
- value: "Digital preservation storage infrastructure"
- value: "Shared cataloging platform (union catalog)"
- value: "Conservation services and expertise"
- value: "Professional development workshops"
membership_criteria:
recommended: true
description: >-
Eligibility criteria for joining network.
Typically based on institution type, geographic location, or service needs.
examples:
- value: >-
Dutch heritage institutions with digital collections seeking
long-term preservation services. Membership fee: €5,000/year.
governance_authority:
description: >-
Limited to SERVICE coordination authority.
Networks do NOT exercise governance over member institutions.
examples:
- value: >-
Network defines technical standards for digital preservation but
members retain full autonomy over collection policies and operations.
exact_mappings:
- schema:Organization
close_mappings:
- tooi:Samenwerkingsorganisatie
- org:Organization
comments:
- "NetworkOrganisation provides SERVICES, not governance"
- "Membership is voluntary and service-driven"
- "Temporary agreements - not permanent legal subordination"
examples:
- value:
id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/network/digital-heritage-nl"
organization_name: "Digital Heritage Network Netherlands"
organization_type: "NETWORK"
founding_date: "2015-03-01"
description: >-
Collaborative network providing digital preservation infrastructure
and services to Dutch heritage institutions. Members access shared
storage, metadata standards, and technical expertise.
service_offerings:
- "Long-term digital preservation storage (100TB+ capacity)"
- "Metadata aggregation and normalization services"
- "Technical training workshops (quarterly)"
- "Preservation format migration services"
membership_criteria: >-
Dutch museums, archives, and libraries with digital collections.
Annual membership fee based on storage usage.
member_custodians:
- hc_id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/nl-nh-ams-m-am"
preferred_label: "Amsterdam Museum"
- hc_id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/nl-ut-utr-l-ub"
preferred_label: "Utrecht University Library"
website: "https://digitalheritage.nl"
description: "Service network for digital preservation"
Consortium:
is_a: EncompassingBody
class_uri: schema:Consortium
description: >-
A collaborative body where member heritage custodians provide MUTUAL assistance
to each other through TEMPORARY agreements. Unlike networks (centralized service
provider), consortia are PEER-TO-PEER collaboration models.
**Characteristics**:
- **Mutual assistance**: Members help each other (not centralized services)
- **Peer-to-peer**: Equal participation, shared responsibility
- **Temporary agreements**: Based on memoranda of understanding, not permanent structure
- **Coordination only**: Facilitates collaboration, no authority over members
**Examples**:
- **Library consortia for shared cataloging**:
- Members contribute catalog records to shared database
- Peer-to-peer cataloging standards and quality control
- Example: OCLC WorldCat participating libraries
- **Bulk licensing consortia**:
- Libraries collectively negotiate database subscriptions
- Shared purchasing power, individual licenses
- **Interlibrary loan consortia**:
- Members lend materials to each other
- Reciprocal borrowing agreements
- **Conservation consortia**:
- Museums share conservation expertise and equipment
- Rotating access to specialized conservation labs
- **Digitization consortia**:
- Archives collaborate on large-scale digitization projects
- Shared equipment, coordinated workflows
**Distinction from NetworkOrganisation**:
- **Consortium**: Peer-to-peer mutual assistance (members help each other)
- **Network**: Centralized service provider (network provides services to members)
**Ontological Alignment**:
- Schema.org: `schema:Consortium` - "A Consortium is a membership Organization
whose members are typically Organizations."
- W3C ORG: `org:Organization` (parent class)
- TOOI: `tooi:Samenwerkingsorganisatie` (Dutch collaborative organizations)
**Temporal Dynamics**:
Consortia form for specific collaborative goals and may dissolve when goals are
achieved or collaboration model becomes obsolete. Short to medium-term duration
(3-10 years typical).
slot_usage:
organization_type:
range: EncompassingBodyTypeEnum
required: true
equals_string: "CONSORTIUM"
description: "Must be CONSORTIUM for Consortium class"
service_offerings:
description: >-
Services members provide TO EACH OTHER (not centralized services).
Focus on reciprocal/mutual assistance patterns.
examples:
- value: "Shared cataloging contributions to union catalog"
- value: "Reciprocal interlibrary loan services"
- value: "Peer review of conservation treatments"
- value: "Collaborative digitization equipment sharing"
membership_criteria:
recommended: true
description: >-
Criteria for joining consortium.
Typically based on ability to contribute to mutual assistance model.
examples:
- value: >-
Academic libraries with interlibrary loan capabilities and
commitment to reciprocal lending. No membership fee.
governance_authority:
description: >-
Minimal authority - coordination and facilitation only.
Consortia do NOT govern members; they facilitate peer collaboration.
examples:
- value: >-
Consortium coordinates shared cataloging standards and provides
technical infrastructure, but members retain full autonomy.
exact_mappings:
- schema:Consortium
close_mappings:
- tooi:Samenwerkingsorganisatie
- org:Organization
comments:
- "Consortium is PEER-TO-PEER mutual assistance model"
- "Distinguished from Network (centralized service provider)"
- "Temporary collaborative agreements, not permanent legal structure"
examples:
- value:
id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/consortium/dutch-univ-lib-consortium"
organization_name: "Dutch University Libraries Consortium"
organization_type: "CONSORTIUM"
founding_date: "2010-09-01"
description: >-
Collaborative consortium of Dutch university libraries for shared
cataloging, bulk licensing, and interlibrary loan. Members contribute
equally and benefit from collective resources.
service_offerings:
- "Shared union catalog contributions"
- "Collective database subscription negotiations"
- "Reciprocal interlibrary loan services"
- "Collaborative metadata enrichment projects"
membership_criteria: >-
Dutch university libraries accredited by VSNU (Association of
Universities in the Netherlands). Members must contribute cataloging
records and participate in interlibrary loan network.
member_custodians:
- hc_id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/nl-zh-lei-l-ub"
preferred_label: "Leiden University Library"
- hc_id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/nl-nh-ams-l-uba"
preferred_label: "Amsterdam University Library"
website: "https://universiteitsbibliotheken.nl"
description: "University library consortium for mutual assistance"