1718 lines
73 KiB
YAML
1718 lines
73 KiB
YAML
# EncompassingBody Class Hierarchy
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# Models extra-organizational governance - parent organizations that encompass custodians
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#
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# Six subclasses representing different governance models:
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# 1. UmbrellaOrganisation - Legal parent organizations (permanent hierarchy)
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# 2. NetworkOrganisation - Service provider networks (temporary, centralized)
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# 3. Consortium - Mutual assistance bodies (temporary, peer-to-peer)
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# 4. Cooperative - Member-owned organizations (permanent, member governance)
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# 5. SocialMovement - Value-driven movements (ideological, open participation)
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# 6. FundingOrganisation - Grant-giving organizations (financial support)
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#
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# Key relationships:
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# - Custodian.encompassing_body → EncompassingBody
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# - EncompassingBody.data_license_policy → DataLicensePolicy
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# - EncompassingBody.member_custodians → Custodian[]
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# - FundingOrganisation.funding_schemes → FundingScheme[]
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#
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# Data Openness Patterns:
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# - COOPERATIVE (OCLC): Typically MIXED or CLOSED data policy
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# - SOCIAL_MOVEMENT (Wikimedia): Typically FULLY OPEN data policy
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id: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/class/EncompassingBody
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name: EncompassingBody
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imports:
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- linkml:types
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- ../enums/EncompassingBodyTypeEnum
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- ./DataLicensePolicy
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- ./Project
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- ./Country
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- ./Subregion
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- ./Settlement
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- ./Jurisdiction
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- ./TimeSpan
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# Import global slots
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- ../slots/id
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- ../slots/dissolution_date
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- ../slots/data_license_policy
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- ../slots/funding_source
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- ../slots/description
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- ../slots/website
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- ../slots/legal_jurisdiction
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prefixes:
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linkml: https://w3id.org/linkml/
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hc: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/
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org: http://www.w3.org/ns/org#
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skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
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schema: http://schema.org/
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dcterms: http://purl.org/dc/terms/
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tooi: https://identifier.overheid.nl/tooi/def/ont/
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cpov: http://data.europa.eu/m8g/
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foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
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odrl: http://www.w3.org/ns/odrl/2/
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gleif_base: https://www.gleif.org/ontology/Base/
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lcc_cr: https://www.omg.org/spec/LCC/Countries/CountryRepresentation/
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default_prefix: hc
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slots:
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# NOTE: id imported from global slot ../slots/id.yaml
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organization_name:
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range: string
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organization_type:
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range: EncompassingBodyTypeEnum
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# NOTE: description imported from global slot ../slots/description.yaml
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organization_legal_form:
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range: string
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description: Legal form/structure of the encompassing body organization (e.g., "foundation", "corporation")
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founding_date:
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range: date
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# NOTE: dissolution_date imported from global slot ../slots/dissolution_date.yaml
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member_custodians:
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range: uriorcurie
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multivalued: true
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governance_authority:
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range: string
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service_offerings:
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range: string
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multivalued: true
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membership_criteria:
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range: string
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external_identifiers:
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range: uriorcurie
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multivalued: true
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description: External identifier URIs for this encompassing body (Wikidata, VIAF, etc.)
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# NOTE: website imported from global slot ../slots/website.yaml
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projects:
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slot_uri: org:hasSubOrganization
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range: Project
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multivalued: true
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description: |
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Projects and initiatives run by this encompassing body.
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Links EncompassingBody (organizer) to Project instances that represent
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time-limited initiatives in which Custodians participate.
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**Inverse of Project.organizing_body**:
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- EncompassingBody → projects → Project[]
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- Project → organizing_body → EncompassingBody
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**Navigation Pattern**:
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From EncompassingBody, access all projects it has run.
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From Project, access organizing body and participating custodians.
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**Examples**:
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- NDE (NetworkOrganisation) → projects → [Versnellen 2024, Versnellen 2023, ...]
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- OCLC (Cooperative) → projects → [Linked Data Initiative, WorldCat Migration, ...]
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**Ontology Note**: Uses W3C ORG `org:hasSubOrganization` because Project
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is modeled as `org:OrganizationalCollaboration` (a subclass of `org:Organization`).
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This property indicates hierarchical containment. Alternative `schema:subjectOf`
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was semantically incorrect (means "thing this is described by/about").
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**Primarily used by**:
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- NetworkOrganisation: Service networks running programs for members
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- Cooperative: Member-owned organizations running collaborative projects
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- Consortium: Consortia running shared initiatives
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Less common for UmbrellaOrganisation (legal parents typically don't run
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projects directly - their subsidiary custodians do).
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# NOTE: data_license_policy imported from global slot ../slots/data_license_policy.yaml
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area_served:
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slot_uri: schema:areaServed
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range: string
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multivalued: true
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description: |
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Geographic area where this encompassing body operates or provides services.
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Uses Schema.org `schema:areaServed` property to define the field of operation
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for networks, consortia, cooperatives, and social movements.
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**Linking Options:**
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- Country reference (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2): "NL", "DE", "EU"
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- Subregion reference (ISO 3166-2): "NL-NH", "DE-BY", "US-CA"
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- Supranational reference: "EU", "BENELUX", "ASEAN"
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- Free text for complex areas: "Western Europe", "Mediterranean Basin"
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**Usage by EncompassingBody Type:**
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- **NetworkOrganisation**: Service delivery area
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- Example: NDE serves "NL" (Netherlands)
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- Example: Europeana serves "EU" (European Union members)
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- **Consortium**: Collaboration coverage area
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- Example: Dutch University Libraries Consortium serves "NL"
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- **Cooperative**: Member service territory
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- Example: OCLC serves worldwide ("GLOBAL")
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- **SocialMovement**: Movement participation area
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- Example: Wikimedia operates "GLOBAL"
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- **UmbrellaOrganisation**: Use `legal_jurisdiction` instead for legal scope
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**Distinguished from legal_jurisdiction:**
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- area_served: Where services are DELIVERED or members operate
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- legal_jurisdiction: Legal AUTHORITY over member organizations
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**Examples:**
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```yaml
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NetworkOrganisation:
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organization_name: "Digital Heritage Network Netherlands"
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area_served:
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- "NL" # Netherlands only
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NetworkOrganisation:
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organization_name: "Europeana"
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area_served:
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- "EU" # European Union
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- "EEA" # Plus EEA countries
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Cooperative:
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organization_name: "OCLC"
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area_served:
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- "GLOBAL" # Worldwide operation
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```
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**Ontology Alignment:**
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- Schema.org: `schema:areaServed` - "The geographic area where a service
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or offered item is provided."
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- Note: `schema:serviceArea` was deprecated in favor of `areaServed`
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# NOTE: legal_jurisdiction imported from global slot ../slots/legal_jurisdiction.yaml
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# FundingOrganisation-specific slots
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implements_agenda:
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slot_uri: org:linkedTo
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range: uriorcurie
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multivalued: true
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description: |
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Strategic agendas that this funding organisation implements through its funding calls.
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Links FundingOrganisation to FundingAgenda instances that define the strategic
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priorities guiding funding allocation.
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**Relationship Chain**:
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```
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FundingAgenda (e.g., NWA, Horizon Europe SP)
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│
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└── implemented by → FundingOrganisation (e.g., NWO, REA)
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│
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└── issues → CallForApplication[]
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```
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**Usage Examples**:
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- NWO implements Dutch Research Agenda (NWA)
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- REA implements Horizon Europe Strategic Plan
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- EACEA implements Creative Europe objectives
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**Inverse of FundingAgenda.implementing_organisations**:
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- FundingAgenda → implementing_organisations → FundingOrganisation[]
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- FundingOrganisation → implements_agenda → FundingAgenda[]
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examples:
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- value: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/agenda/nl/nwa"
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description: "NWO implements Dutch Research Agenda"
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- value: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/agenda/eu/horizon-europe-sp-2021-2024"
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description: "REA implements Horizon Europe Strategic Plan"
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issued_calls:
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slot_uri: schema:makesOffer
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range: uriorcurie
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multivalued: true
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description: |
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Funding calls issued by this funding organisation.
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Links FundingOrganisation to CallForApplication instances representing
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specific funding opportunities.
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**Inverse of CallForApplication.issuing_organisation**:
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- FundingOrganisation → issued_calls → CallForApplication[]
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- CallForApplication → issuing_organisation → FundingOrganisation
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Uses schema:makesOffer (FundingOrganisation makes funding offers via calls).
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examples:
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- value: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/call/ec/cl2-2025-heritage-01"
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description: "Horizon Europe CL2 2025 heritage call"
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funding_focus:
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range: string
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multivalued: true
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description: |
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Focus areas for funding activities (heritage sectors, themes, activities).
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Used by FundingOrganisation to describe what types of projects it funds.
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examples:
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- value: "Visual arts and cultural heritage"
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- value: "Museum acquisitions"
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- value: "Conservation and restoration"
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- value: "Digital infrastructure"
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funding_schemes:
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slot_uri: schema:hasFundingProgram
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range: string
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multivalued: true
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description: |
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Named funding programs offered by a FundingOrganisation.
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Each scheme typically has its own application process, criteria, and budget.
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Maps to Schema.org FundingScheme concept.
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examples:
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- value: "Project Grants for Museums"
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- value: "Conservation Subsidy Programme"
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- value: "Starting Grant"
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- value: "Consolidator Grant"
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total_annual_budget:
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range: string
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description: |
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Approximate annual budget available for grants (for context).
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Format: "€X million" or "€X-Y million range"
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examples:
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- value: "€30 million"
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- value: "€2.5 billion (Horizon Europe ERC share)"
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# NOTE: funding_source imported from global slot ../slots/funding_source.yaml
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programme_period:
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slot_uri: schema:temporalCoverage
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range: TimeSpan
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description: |
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The temporal period during which a funding programme operates.
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Many EU and national funding programmes have defined programming periods
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(e.g., Horizon Europe 2021-2027, Creative Europe 2021-2027). This slot
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captures the programme's temporal extent using CIDOC-CRM TimeSpan pattern.
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**Use Cases**:
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- EU Framework Programmes (7-year cycles)
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- National funding programme periods
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- Time-limited grant schemes
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- Historical funding programmes (closed)
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**TimeSpan Mapping**:
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For programmes with precise dates (common for EU programmes):
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- Set begin_of_the_begin = end_of_the_begin (exact start)
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- Set begin_of_the_end = end_of_the_end (exact end)
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For ongoing programmes with uncertain end:
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- Set begin_of_the_begin/end_of_the_begin (start date)
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- Leave end dates null
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**Examples**:
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- Horizon Europe: 2021-01-01 to 2027-12-31
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- Creative Europe: 2021-01-01 to 2027-12-31
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- Digital Europe: 2021-01-01 to 2027-12-31
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- Mondriaan Fund: No fixed end (ongoing, leave end null)
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examples:
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- value:
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begin_of_the_begin: "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"
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end_of_the_begin: "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"
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begin_of_the_end: "2027-12-31T23:59:59Z"
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end_of_the_end: "2027-12-31T23:59:59Z"
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description: "Horizon Europe 2021-2027 programming period"
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- value:
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begin_of_the_begin: "1994-01-01T00:00:00Z"
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end_of_the_begin: "1994-01-01T00:00:00Z"
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description: "Mondriaan Fund - ongoing since 1994 (no end date)"
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classes:
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EncompassingBody:
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class_uri: org:Organization
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abstract: true
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description: |
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An extra-organizational governance entity that encompasses, oversees, or coordinates
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heritage custodian organizations. Represents the broader organizational context in which
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custodians operate, extending beyond internal organizational structure (OrganizationalStructure)
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and legal registration (CustodianLegalStatus.governance_structure).
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**SIX TYPES OF ENCOMPASSING BODIES**:
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1. **UmbrellaOrganisation** - LEGAL parent organizations
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- Defined in articles of association, foundation statutes, or legislation
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- Permanent hierarchical legal structure
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- Example: Ministry of OCW governing National Archives
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2. **NetworkOrganisation** - SERVICE provider networks
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- Temporary agreements/treaties providing services to members
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- NOT legally imposed, members choose to participate
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- Example: Digital Heritage Network providing preservation services
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3. **Consortium** - MUTUAL assistance bodies
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- Temporary collaborative agreements for mutual benefit
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- Members help each other (peer-to-peer)
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- Example: Library Consortium for shared cataloging
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4. **Cooperative** - MEMBER-OWNED organizations
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- Permanent legal structure with member governance
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- Members are owners, contributors, AND consumers
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- Typically MIXED or CLOSED data policy
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- Example: OCLC (library cooperative)
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5. **SocialMovement** - VALUE-DRIVEN movements
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- Open participation based on shared ideological values
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- Typically FULLY OPEN data policy (openness as core value)
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- Example: Wikimedia Foundation/Movement
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6. **FundingOrganisation** - GRANT-GIVING organizations
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- Provides financial resources (grants, subsidies) to custodians
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- No governance authority over recipients
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- Example: Mondriaan Fund, European Research Council
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**Key Distinction from GovernanceStructure**:
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- **GovernanceStructure** (on CustodianLegalStatus): Internal structure of the legal entity itself
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(board of trustees, directors, departments)
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- **EncompassingBody**: External parent/umbrella organizations that govern or coordinate
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multiple custodians
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**Key Distinction from OrganizationalStructure**:
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- **OrganizationalStructure** (on Custodian): Internal operational units
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(departments, teams, divisions)
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- **EncompassingBody**: External organizations that custodian is part of or member of
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**Ontological Alignment**:
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- W3C ORG: `org:Organization` (parent class for all organizational entities)
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- TOOI: `tooi:Samenwerkingsorganisatie` (Dutch collaborative organizations)
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- Schema.org: `schema:Organization`, `schema:Consortium`, `schema:FundingAgency`
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- CPOV: `cpov:PublicOrganisation` (for public sector umbrella bodies)
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- FOAF: `foaf:Organization`
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**Relationship Properties**:
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Uses `org:subOrganizationOf` from Custodian → EncompassingBody to express:
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- "National Archives is sub-organization of Ministry OCW" (UmbrellaOrganisation)
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- "Museum is member of Digital Heritage Network" (NetworkOrganisation)
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- "Library participates in Cataloging Consortium" (Consortium)
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- "Museum received grant from Mondriaan Fund" (FundingOrganisation - via schema:funder)
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slots:
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- id
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- organization_name
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- organization_type
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- description
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- organization_legal_form
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- founding_date
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- dissolution_date
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- member_custodians
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- governance_authority
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- service_offerings
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- membership_criteria
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- external_identifiers
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- website
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- data_license_policy
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- projects
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- area_served
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- legal_jurisdiction
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slot_usage:
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id:
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identifier: true
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required: true
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range: uriorcurie
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description: |
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Unique identifier for this encompassing body.
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Format: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/{type}/{slug}
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pattern: "^https://nde\\.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/[a-z-]+/[a-z0-9-]+$"
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examples:
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- value: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/umbrella/nl-ministry-ocw"
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description: "URI for Ministry OCW as umbrella organization"
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- value: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/network/digital-heritage-nl"
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description: "URI for Digital Heritage Network"
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organization_name:
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slot_uri: skos:prefLabel
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required: true
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range: string
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description: |
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Official name of the encompassing organization.
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SKOS: prefLabel for preferred label.
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examples:
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- value: "Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap"
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description: "Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science"
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- value: "Digital Heritage Network"
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description: "Service network for digital preservation"
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organization_type:
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required: true
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range: EncompassingBodyTypeEnum
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description: |
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Type of encompassing body (UMBRELLA, NETWORK, CONSORTIUM).
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Determines governance model and relationship nature.
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examples:
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- value: "UMBRELLA"
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description: "Legal parent organization"
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- value: "NETWORK"
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description: "Service provider network"
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description:
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range: string
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description: |
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Textual description of the encompassing body's role, mandate, and scope.
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examples:
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- value: >-
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The Ministry of OCW oversees national cultural heritage institutions
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including the National Archives, Rijksmuseum, and National Library.
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organization_legal_form:
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slot_uri: org:classification
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range: string
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description: |
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Legal form of the encompassing organization (ministry, foundation, association, etc.).
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W3C ORG: classification for organizational type classification.
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examples:
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- value: "Government ministry"
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- value: "Non-profit foundation"
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- value: "Professional association"
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founding_date:
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slot_uri: schema:foundingDate
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range: date
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description: |
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Date when the encompassing organization was established.
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Schema.org: foundingDate for organization establishment.
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examples:
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- value: "1965-07-01"
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description: "Ministry established July 1965"
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dissolution_date:
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slot_uri: schema:dissolutionDate
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range: date
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description: |
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Date when the encompassing organization was dissolved (if applicable).
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NULL if still active.
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examples:
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- value: "2020-12-31"
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description: "Consortium dissolved end of 2020"
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member_custodians:
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slot_uri: org:hasSubOrganization
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range: uriorcurie
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multivalued: true
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inlined_as_list: true
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description: |
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Heritage custodians that are members of or governed by this encompassing body.
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**URI References**: URIs to Custodian entities (avoids circular dependency).
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Format: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/{country}/{institution-slug}
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**W3C ORG Property**: `org:hasSubOrganization` - "Represents hierarchical
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containment of Organizations or OrganizationalUnits; indicates an Organization
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which is a sub-part or child of this Organization."
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- Domain: org:Organization (EncompassingBody)
|
|
- Range: org:Organization (Custodian)
|
|
- Inverse: `org:subOrganizationOf` (from Custodian)
|
|
|
|
**Relationship Types by EncompassingBody Type**:
|
|
- **UmbrellaOrganisation**: Legal subordination (ministry → national archives)
|
|
- **NetworkOrganisation**: Service membership (network → participating museums)
|
|
- **Consortium**: Collaborative participation (consortium → member libraries)
|
|
|
|
**Temporal Dynamics**:
|
|
Membership can change over time - custodians join/leave networks, ministries
|
|
reorganize, consortia evolve. Track changes with temporal validity.
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/nl/nationaal-archief"
|
|
description: "URI reference to National Archives"
|
|
|
|
governance_authority:
|
|
range: string
|
|
description: |
|
|
Nature and extent of governance authority this body exercises over members.
|
|
|
|
**UmbrellaOrganisation**: Strong authority (sets policy, approves budgets, appoints directors)
|
|
**NetworkOrganisation**: Service authority (defines service standards, coordinates activities)
|
|
**Consortium**: Coordination authority (facilitates collaboration, no direct control)
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: >-
|
|
Ministry exercises budgetary oversight and appoints institutional directors.
|
|
description: "Umbrella authority example"
|
|
- value: >-
|
|
Network coordinates digital preservation services but members retain autonomy.
|
|
description: "Network authority example"
|
|
|
|
service_offerings:
|
|
range: string
|
|
multivalued: true
|
|
description: |
|
|
Services provided by this encompassing body to member custodians.
|
|
|
|
**Primarily for NetworkOrganisation and Consortium types**.
|
|
UmbrellaOrganisations typically provide governance, not services.
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: "Digital preservation infrastructure"
|
|
- value: "Shared cataloging platform"
|
|
- value: "Professional development training"
|
|
- value: "Bulk licensing negotiations"
|
|
|
|
membership_criteria:
|
|
range: string
|
|
description: |
|
|
Criteria for custodians to become members of this encompassing body.
|
|
|
|
**UmbrellaOrganisation**: Defined by law/statute (non-voluntary)
|
|
**NetworkOrganisation**: Service eligibility criteria (voluntary)
|
|
**Consortium**: Membership agreement criteria (voluntary)
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: "Dutch government heritage institutions established by law"
|
|
description: "Umbrella criteria (non-voluntary)"
|
|
- value: "Museums with digitization programs seeking preservation services"
|
|
description: "Network criteria (voluntary)"
|
|
|
|
external_identifiers:
|
|
slot_uri: dcterms:identifier
|
|
range: uriorcurie
|
|
multivalued: true
|
|
inlined_as_list: true
|
|
description: |
|
|
External identifiers for this encompassing organization (Wikidata, VIAF, etc.).
|
|
|
|
**URI Format**: Use standard identifier URIs:
|
|
- Wikidata: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2294910
|
|
- VIAF: https://viaf.org/viaf/123456789
|
|
- ISNI: https://isni.org/isni/0000000123456789
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2294910"
|
|
description: "Wikidata URI for Dutch Ministry OCW"
|
|
|
|
website:
|
|
slot_uri: schema:url
|
|
range: uri
|
|
description: |
|
|
Official website of the encompassing organization.
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: "https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/ministeries/ministerie-van-onderwijs-cultuur-en-wetenschap"
|
|
description: "Ministry OCW website"
|
|
|
|
projects:
|
|
slot_uri: org:hasSubOrganization
|
|
range: Project
|
|
multivalued: true
|
|
inlined_as_list: true
|
|
description: |
|
|
Projects and initiatives run by this encompassing body.
|
|
|
|
Links EncompassingBody (organizer) to Project instances that represent
|
|
time-limited initiatives in which Custodians participate.
|
|
|
|
**Inverse of Project.organizing_body**:
|
|
- EncompassingBody → projects → Project[]
|
|
- Project → organizing_body → EncompassingBody
|
|
|
|
**Navigation Pattern**:
|
|
From EncompassingBody, access all projects it has run over time.
|
|
From Project, access the organizing body and participating custodians.
|
|
|
|
**Examples**:
|
|
- NDE (NetworkOrganisation) runs: Versnellen 2024, Versnellen 2023, ...
|
|
- OCLC (Cooperative) runs: Linked Data Initiative, WorldCat Migration, ...
|
|
- Europeana (NetworkOrganisation) runs: Common Culture, Aggregation 2024, ...
|
|
|
|
**Why on EncompassingBody?**:
|
|
Projects are collaborative initiatives that coordinate MULTIPLE custodians.
|
|
They are typically run by networks, cooperatives, or consortia - not by
|
|
individual custodians. The organizing body provides the framework, funding,
|
|
and coordination for the project.
|
|
|
|
**Ontology Alignment**:
|
|
Uses W3C ORG `org:hasSubOrganization` because Project is modeled as
|
|
`org:OrganizationalCollaboration` (a subclass of `org:Organization`).
|
|
This property indicates hierarchical containment of Organizations.
|
|
|
|
**Temporal Dynamics**:
|
|
Projects have defined lifecycles (PROPOSED → IN_PROGRESS → COMPLETED).
|
|
EncompassingBodies may run multiple projects simultaneously or sequentially.
|
|
Track historical projects for organizational memory.
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value:
|
|
- project_id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/project/nde/versnellen-2024"
|
|
project_name: "Versnellen 2024"
|
|
project_status: "IN_PROGRESS"
|
|
- project_id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/project/nde/versnellen-2023"
|
|
project_name: "Versnellen 2023"
|
|
project_status: "COMPLETED"
|
|
description: "NDE's acceleration programs"
|
|
|
|
area_served:
|
|
slot_uri: schema:areaServed
|
|
range: string
|
|
multivalued: true
|
|
inlined_as_list: true
|
|
description: |
|
|
Geographic areas where this encompassing body operates.
|
|
Use ISO codes (NL, DE-BY, EU) or descriptive strings (GLOBAL).
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: "NL"
|
|
description: "Netherlands national coverage"
|
|
- value: "EU"
|
|
description: "European Union coverage"
|
|
- value: "GLOBAL"
|
|
description: "Worldwide operation"
|
|
|
|
legal_jurisdiction:
|
|
slot_uri: gleif_base:hasLegalJurisdiction
|
|
range: Jurisdiction
|
|
description: |
|
|
Legal jurisdiction for umbrella organizations.
|
|
Primarily used by UmbrellaOrganisation to define legal scope.
|
|
|
|
exact_mappings:
|
|
- org:Organization
|
|
close_mappings:
|
|
- tooi:Samenwerkingsorganisatie
|
|
- schema:Organization
|
|
- cpov:PublicOrganisation
|
|
- foaf:Organization
|
|
|
|
comments:
|
|
- "EncompassingBody is abstract - use one of six concrete subclasses"
|
|
- "Extends governance modeling BEYOND internal structure to external relationships"
|
|
- "Complements but does not replace GovernanceStructure or OrganizationalStructure"
|
|
- "Six types reflect different relationship models: legal (umbrella), service (network), collaborative (consortium), ownership (cooperative), ideological (social movement), financial (funding)"
|
|
|
|
|
|
UmbrellaOrganisation:
|
|
is_a: EncompassingBody
|
|
class_uri: org:FormalOrganization
|
|
description: |
|
|
A legal parent organization with formal governance authority over heritage custodians,
|
|
defined in articles of association, foundation statutes, or legislation. Represents
|
|
PERMANENT hierarchical legal structures.
|
|
|
|
**Characteristics**:
|
|
- **Legal basis**: Defined in founding documents, statutes, or laws
|
|
- **Authority**: Strong governance authority (budgets, appointments, policy)
|
|
- **Permanence**: Permanent structure (changes require legal amendments)
|
|
- **Relationship**: Legal subordination (parent-child hierarchy)
|
|
|
|
**Examples**:
|
|
- **Ministry governing national cultural institutions**:
|
|
- Ministry of OCW → National Archives, Rijksmuseum, National Library
|
|
- Defined in Dutch government legislation
|
|
- **Foundation board governing museum**:
|
|
- Museum Board of Trustees → Museum operations
|
|
- Defined in foundation statutes
|
|
- **University governing university libraries**:
|
|
- University administration → University library system
|
|
- Defined in university charter
|
|
- **Religious order governing monastery archives**:
|
|
- Franciscan Order → Franciscan Archive
|
|
- Defined in religious constitution
|
|
|
|
**Ontological Alignment**:
|
|
- W3C ORG: `org:FormalOrganization` - "An Organization which is recognized in
|
|
the world at large, in particular in legal jurisdictions, with associated rights
|
|
and responsibilities."
|
|
- TOOI: `tooi:Ministerie`, `tooi:RegionaalOpenbaarLichaam` (Dutch government bodies)
|
|
- CPOV: `cpov:PublicOrganisation` (for public sector umbrella bodies)
|
|
- Schema.org: `schema:GovernmentOrganization`, `schema:EducationalOrganization`
|
|
|
|
**Temporal Dynamics**:
|
|
Umbrella relationships typically persist over long periods. Changes occur through:
|
|
- Government reorganizations (ministries merge/split)
|
|
- Legal entity changes (foundation restructuring)
|
|
- Policy reforms (agencies transferred between ministries)
|
|
|
|
slot_usage:
|
|
organization_type:
|
|
range: EncompassingBodyTypeEnum
|
|
required: true
|
|
ifabsent: "string(UMBRELLA)"
|
|
description: "Must be UMBRELLA for UmbrellaOrganisation"
|
|
|
|
governance_authority:
|
|
required: true
|
|
description: |
|
|
Detailed description of legal governance authority.
|
|
Must document legal basis (statute, law, articles of association).
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: >-
|
|
Ministry OCW exercises governance authority over National Archives under
|
|
Dutch Heritage Act 2016. Authority includes budget approval, director
|
|
appointment, and policy oversight.
|
|
|
|
organization_legal_form:
|
|
required: true
|
|
description: "Legal form is required for umbrella organizations"
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: "Government ministry"
|
|
- value: "Foundation board"
|
|
- value: "University governing body"
|
|
|
|
legal_jurisdiction:
|
|
required: true
|
|
range: Jurisdiction
|
|
description: |
|
|
Legal jurisdiction where this umbrella organization has authority.
|
|
|
|
Required for UmbrellaOrganisation because legal parent-child relationships
|
|
are defined by law within specific jurisdictions.
|
|
|
|
**Examples:**
|
|
- Ministry of OCW: jurisdiction_type=NATIONAL, country=NL
|
|
- Bavarian State Ministry: jurisdiction_type=SUBNATIONAL, subregion=DE-BY
|
|
- University of Amsterdam: jurisdiction_type=NATIONAL, country=NL
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value:
|
|
jurisdiction_id: "NL"
|
|
jurisdiction_type: "NATIONAL"
|
|
country:
|
|
alpha_2: "NL"
|
|
alpha_3: "NLD"
|
|
description: "Netherlands national jurisdiction"
|
|
- value:
|
|
jurisdiction_id: "DE-BY"
|
|
jurisdiction_type: "SUBNATIONAL"
|
|
country:
|
|
alpha_2: "DE"
|
|
alpha_3: "DEU"
|
|
subregion:
|
|
iso_3166_2_code: "DE-BY"
|
|
description: "Bavaria subnational jurisdiction"
|
|
|
|
exact_mappings:
|
|
- org:FormalOrganization
|
|
close_mappings:
|
|
- tooi:Ministerie
|
|
- tooi:RegionaalOpenbaarLichaam
|
|
- cpov:PublicOrganisation
|
|
- schema:GovernmentOrganization
|
|
|
|
comments:
|
|
- "UmbrellaOrganisation represents LEGAL parent-child relationships"
|
|
- "Changes to umbrella relationships require legal/statutory amendments"
|
|
- "Permanent structure - not temporary agreements"
|
|
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value:
|
|
id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/umbrella/nl-ministry-ocw"
|
|
organization_name: "Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap"
|
|
organization_type: "UMBRELLA"
|
|
organization_legal_form: "Government ministry"
|
|
founding_date: "1965-07-01"
|
|
governance_authority: >-
|
|
Exercises governance over Dutch national cultural heritage institutions
|
|
under Heritage Act 2016. Authority includes budget oversight, director
|
|
appointments, and strategic policy direction.
|
|
legal_jurisdiction:
|
|
jurisdiction_id: "NL"
|
|
jurisdiction_type: "NATIONAL"
|
|
country:
|
|
alpha_2: "NL"
|
|
alpha_3: "NLD"
|
|
description: "Netherlands national jurisdiction"
|
|
member_custodians:
|
|
- hc_id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/nl-na"
|
|
preferred_label: "Nationaal Archief"
|
|
- hc_id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/nl-nh-ams-m-rm"
|
|
preferred_label: "Rijksmuseum"
|
|
website: "https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/ministeries/ocw"
|
|
description: "Dutch Ministry OCW as umbrella organization for national heritage"
|
|
|
|
|
|
NetworkOrganisation:
|
|
is_a: EncompassingBody
|
|
class_uri: schema:Organization
|
|
description: |
|
|
A service provider network that coordinates and delivers services to member heritage
|
|
custodians through TEMPORARY agreements or treaties. Members choose to participate
|
|
to access services; participation is NOT legally imposed.
|
|
|
|
**Characteristics**:
|
|
- **Service-oriented**: Provides infrastructure, platforms, training, coordination
|
|
- **Voluntary membership**: Custodians choose to join for service benefits
|
|
- **Temporary agreements**: Based on contracts/treaties, not permanent legal structure
|
|
- **Limited authority**: Coordinates services but no direct governance over members
|
|
|
|
**Examples**:
|
|
- **Digital Heritage Network (Netherlands)**:
|
|
- Provides digital preservation infrastructure to museums, archives, libraries
|
|
- Members pay fees for services
|
|
- No governance authority over member institutions
|
|
- **DPLA (Digital Public Library of America)**:
|
|
- Aggregates digital collections from libraries/archives
|
|
- Members contribute metadata for aggregation
|
|
- No control over member collection policies
|
|
- **Europeana**:
|
|
- European digital heritage aggregation network
|
|
- Museums/archives contribute digitized collections
|
|
- Coordination, not governance
|
|
- **Regional archive networks**:
|
|
- Shared conservation labs, digitization services
|
|
- Temporary service agreements between institutions
|
|
|
|
**Ontological Alignment**:
|
|
- Schema.org: `schema:Organization` (general organization type)
|
|
- W3C ORG: `org:Organization` (parent class)
|
|
- TOOI: `tooi:Samenwerkingsorganisatie` (Dutch collaborative organizations)
|
|
|
|
**Temporal Dynamics**:
|
|
Network memberships fluctuate - custodians join/leave based on service needs.
|
|
Networks themselves may dissolve if service model becomes obsolete or funding ends.
|
|
Track membership changes with temporal validity.
|
|
|
|
slot_usage:
|
|
organization_type:
|
|
range: EncompassingBodyTypeEnum
|
|
required: true
|
|
ifabsent: "string(NETWORK)"
|
|
description: "Must be NETWORK for NetworkOrganisation"
|
|
|
|
service_offerings:
|
|
required: true
|
|
description: |
|
|
Services provided to member custodians.
|
|
Required field for NetworkOrganisation (defines purpose).
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: "Digital preservation storage infrastructure"
|
|
- value: "Shared cataloging platform (union catalog)"
|
|
- value: "Conservation services and expertise"
|
|
- value: "Professional development workshops"
|
|
|
|
membership_criteria:
|
|
recommended: true
|
|
description: |
|
|
Eligibility criteria for joining network.
|
|
Typically based on institution type, geographic location, or service needs.
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: >-
|
|
Dutch heritage institutions with digital collections seeking
|
|
long-term preservation services. Membership fee: €5,000/year.
|
|
|
|
governance_authority:
|
|
description: |
|
|
Limited to SERVICE coordination authority.
|
|
Networks do NOT exercise governance over member institutions.
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: >-
|
|
Network defines technical standards for digital preservation but
|
|
members retain full autonomy over collection policies and operations.
|
|
|
|
exact_mappings:
|
|
- schema:Organization
|
|
close_mappings:
|
|
- tooi:Samenwerkingsorganisatie
|
|
- org:Organization
|
|
|
|
comments:
|
|
- "NetworkOrganisation provides SERVICES, not governance"
|
|
- "Membership is voluntary and service-driven"
|
|
- "Temporary agreements - not permanent legal subordination"
|
|
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value:
|
|
id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/network/digital-heritage-nl"
|
|
organization_name: "Digital Heritage Network Netherlands"
|
|
organization_type: "NETWORK"
|
|
founding_date: "2015-03-01"
|
|
description: |
|
|
Collaborative network providing digital preservation infrastructure
|
|
and services to Dutch heritage institutions. Members access shared
|
|
storage, metadata standards, and technical expertise.
|
|
area_served:
|
|
- "NL"
|
|
service_offerings:
|
|
- "Long-term digital preservation storage (100TB+ capacity)"
|
|
- "Metadata aggregation and normalization services"
|
|
- "Technical training workshops (quarterly)"
|
|
- "Preservation format migration services"
|
|
membership_criteria: >-
|
|
Dutch museums, archives, and libraries with digital collections.
|
|
Annual membership fee based on storage usage.
|
|
member_custodians:
|
|
- hc_id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/nl-nh-ams-m-am"
|
|
preferred_label: "Amsterdam Museum"
|
|
- hc_id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/nl-ut-utr-l-ub"
|
|
preferred_label: "Utrecht University Library"
|
|
website: "https://digitalheritage.nl"
|
|
description: "Service network for digital preservation"
|
|
|
|
|
|
Consortium:
|
|
is_a: EncompassingBody
|
|
class_uri: schema:Consortium
|
|
description: |
|
|
A collaborative body where member heritage custodians provide MUTUAL assistance
|
|
to each other through TEMPORARY agreements. Unlike networks (centralized service
|
|
provider), consortia are PEER-TO-PEER collaboration models.
|
|
|
|
**Characteristics**:
|
|
- **Mutual assistance**: Members help each other (not centralized services)
|
|
- **Peer-to-peer**: Equal participation, shared responsibility
|
|
- **Temporary agreements**: Based on memoranda of understanding, not permanent structure
|
|
- **Coordination only**: Facilitates collaboration, no authority over members
|
|
|
|
**Examples**:
|
|
- **Library consortia for shared cataloging**:
|
|
- Members contribute catalog records to shared database
|
|
- Peer-to-peer cataloging standards and quality control
|
|
- Example: OCLC WorldCat participating libraries
|
|
- **Bulk licensing consortia**:
|
|
- Libraries collectively negotiate database subscriptions
|
|
- Shared purchasing power, individual licenses
|
|
- **Interlibrary loan consortia**:
|
|
- Members lend materials to each other
|
|
- Reciprocal borrowing agreements
|
|
- **Conservation consortia**:
|
|
- Museums share conservation expertise and equipment
|
|
- Rotating access to specialized conservation labs
|
|
- **Digitization consortia**:
|
|
- Archives collaborate on large-scale digitization projects
|
|
- Shared equipment, coordinated workflows
|
|
|
|
**Distinction from NetworkOrganisation**:
|
|
- **Consortium**: Peer-to-peer mutual assistance (members help each other)
|
|
- **Network**: Centralized service provider (network provides services to members)
|
|
|
|
**Ontological Alignment**:
|
|
- Schema.org: `schema:Consortium` - "A Consortium is a membership Organization
|
|
whose members are typically Organizations."
|
|
- W3C ORG: `org:Organization` (parent class)
|
|
- TOOI: `tooi:Samenwerkingsorganisatie` (Dutch collaborative organizations)
|
|
|
|
**Temporal Dynamics**:
|
|
Consortia form for specific collaborative goals and may dissolve when goals are
|
|
achieved or collaboration model becomes obsolete. Short to medium-term duration
|
|
(3-10 years typical).
|
|
|
|
slot_usage:
|
|
organization_type:
|
|
range: EncompassingBodyTypeEnum
|
|
required: true
|
|
ifabsent: "string(CONSORTIUM)"
|
|
description: "Must be CONSORTIUM for Consortium class"
|
|
|
|
service_offerings:
|
|
description: |
|
|
Services members provide TO EACH OTHER (not centralized services).
|
|
Focus on reciprocal/mutual assistance patterns.
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: "Shared cataloging contributions to union catalog"
|
|
- value: "Reciprocal interlibrary loan services"
|
|
- value: "Peer review of conservation treatments"
|
|
- value: "Collaborative digitization equipment sharing"
|
|
|
|
membership_criteria:
|
|
recommended: true
|
|
description: |
|
|
Criteria for joining consortium.
|
|
Typically based on ability to contribute to mutual assistance model.
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: >-
|
|
Academic libraries with interlibrary loan capabilities and
|
|
commitment to reciprocal lending. No membership fee.
|
|
|
|
governance_authority:
|
|
description: |
|
|
Minimal authority - coordination and facilitation only.
|
|
Consortia do NOT govern members; they facilitate peer collaboration.
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: >-
|
|
Consortium coordinates shared cataloging standards and provides
|
|
technical infrastructure, but members retain full autonomy.
|
|
|
|
exact_mappings:
|
|
- schema:Consortium
|
|
close_mappings:
|
|
- tooi:Samenwerkingsorganisatie
|
|
- org:Organization
|
|
|
|
comments:
|
|
- "Consortium is PEER-TO-PEER mutual assistance model"
|
|
- "Distinguished from Network (centralized service provider)"
|
|
- "Temporary collaborative agreements, not permanent legal structure"
|
|
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value:
|
|
id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/consortium/dutch-univ-lib-consortium"
|
|
organization_name: "Dutch University Libraries Consortium"
|
|
organization_type: "CONSORTIUM"
|
|
founding_date: "2010-09-01"
|
|
description: |
|
|
Collaborative consortium of Dutch university libraries for shared
|
|
cataloging, bulk licensing, and interlibrary loan. Members contribute
|
|
equally and benefit from collective resources.
|
|
service_offerings:
|
|
- "Shared union catalog contributions"
|
|
- "Collective database subscription negotiations"
|
|
- "Reciprocal interlibrary loan services"
|
|
- "Collaborative metadata enrichment projects"
|
|
membership_criteria: >-
|
|
Dutch university libraries accredited by VSNU (Association of
|
|
Universities in the Netherlands). Members must contribute cataloging
|
|
records and participate in interlibrary loan network.
|
|
member_custodians:
|
|
- hc_id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/nl-zh-lei-l-ub"
|
|
preferred_label: "Leiden University Library"
|
|
- hc_id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/nl-nh-ams-l-uba"
|
|
preferred_label: "Amsterdam University Library"
|
|
website: "https://universiteitsbibliotheken.nl"
|
|
description: "University library consortium for mutual assistance"
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cooperative:
|
|
is_a: EncompassingBody
|
|
class_uri: org:FormalOrganization
|
|
description: |
|
|
A member-OWNED organization where members both contribute to and benefit from
|
|
shared services. Distinguished from Consortium by PERMANENT structure and
|
|
OWNERSHIP model - members are legal owners of the cooperative.
|
|
|
|
**Characteristics**:
|
|
- **Member ownership**: Members hold shares/ownership stake
|
|
- **Member governance**: One member, one vote principle (democratic)
|
|
- **Permanent legal structure**: Formal organization, not temporary agreements
|
|
- **Shared services AND shared ownership**: Dual benefit model
|
|
- **Typically operates as non-profit**: Mutual benefit corporation
|
|
- **May have closed/proprietary data model**: Data as organizational asset
|
|
|
|
**CRITICAL: Data Openness Pattern**:
|
|
Cooperatives often have MIXED or CLOSED data policies because:
|
|
- Data contributed by members is organizational asset
|
|
- Business model may depend on subscription/membership revenue
|
|
- Balancing member value vs. public open access
|
|
- Historical model predates open data movement
|
|
|
|
**Examples**:
|
|
|
|
- **OCLC** (Online Computer Library Center)
|
|
- Member-owned library cooperative since 1967
|
|
- 30,000+ member libraries worldwide
|
|
- WorldCat: Proprietary (subscription-based)
|
|
- VIAF: Open (ODC-BY) - strategic choice for linked data
|
|
- Members both contribute data AND receive services
|
|
|
|
- **RERO** (Library Network of Western Switzerland)
|
|
- Cooperative of Swiss academic libraries
|
|
- Shared cataloging and discovery services
|
|
|
|
- **HathiTrust**
|
|
- Partnership of academic and research libraries
|
|
- Shared digital preservation infrastructure
|
|
|
|
**Distinction from Consortium**:
|
|
- **Cooperative**: Members OWN the organization (permanent legal structure)
|
|
- **Consortium**: Members PARTICIPATE in agreements (temporary, no ownership)
|
|
|
|
**Distinction from NetworkOrganisation**:
|
|
- **Cooperative**: Members are owners AND contributors AND consumers
|
|
- **Network**: Members are consumers of centralized services only
|
|
|
|
**Ontological Alignment**:
|
|
- W3C ORG: `org:FormalOrganization` (formal legal entity)
|
|
- Schema.org: `schema:Organization` with `additionalType: Cooperative`
|
|
- Can align with ICA (International Cooperative Alliance) principles
|
|
|
|
slot_usage:
|
|
organization_type:
|
|
range: EncompassingBodyTypeEnum
|
|
required: true
|
|
ifabsent: "string(COOPERATIVE)"
|
|
description: "Must be COOPERATIVE for Cooperative class"
|
|
|
|
organization_legal_form:
|
|
required: true
|
|
description: |
|
|
Legal form of the cooperative.
|
|
Examples: "Cooperative corporation", "Mutual benefit corporation",
|
|
"Library cooperative", "Non-profit cooperative"
|
|
|
|
governance_authority:
|
|
required: true
|
|
description: |
|
|
Member governance model.
|
|
Must document: voting rights, board composition, annual meeting structure.
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: >-
|
|
OCLC is governed by a Global Council of library representatives
|
|
elected by member libraries. Each member has voting rights
|
|
proportional to their usage. Annual Members Council meeting.
|
|
|
|
membership_criteria:
|
|
required: true
|
|
description: |
|
|
How to become a member/owner of the cooperative.
|
|
Must include: eligibility, membership fees, ownership stake.
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: >-
|
|
OCLC membership is open to libraries and cultural heritage
|
|
organizations. Members pay annual fees based on usage.
|
|
Members receive governance rights and access to services.
|
|
|
|
data_license_policy:
|
|
recommended: true
|
|
description: |
|
|
Data openness policy for the cooperative.
|
|
|
|
Cooperatives typically have MIXED_POLICY:
|
|
- Core services may be proprietary (subscription revenue)
|
|
- Some services may be open (strategic value for linked data)
|
|
|
|
exact_mappings:
|
|
- org:FormalOrganization
|
|
close_mappings:
|
|
- schema:Organization
|
|
|
|
comments:
|
|
- "Cooperative = member-owned permanent organization"
|
|
- "Distinguished from Consortium (ownership, permanence)"
|
|
- "Distinguished from Network (members contribute, not just consume)"
|
|
- "Typically MIXED or CLOSED data policy (data as organizational asset)"
|
|
- "Examples: OCLC, RERO, HathiTrust"
|
|
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value:
|
|
id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/cooperative/oclc"
|
|
organization_name: "OCLC"
|
|
organization_type: "COOPERATIVE"
|
|
organization_legal_form: "Non-profit library cooperative"
|
|
founding_date: "1967-07-05"
|
|
description: |
|
|
OCLC is a global library cooperative providing shared technology
|
|
services, research, and programs that help libraries meet the changing
|
|
needs of their users, institutions, and communities. Member libraries
|
|
cooperatively maintain WorldCat, the world's largest shared catalog.
|
|
service_offerings:
|
|
- "WorldCat (shared cataloging database)"
|
|
- "VIAF (Virtual International Authority File)"
|
|
- "WorldShare Management Services"
|
|
- "Interlibrary loan services (WorldShare ILL)"
|
|
- "Digital preservation services"
|
|
- "CONTENTdm (digital collection management)"
|
|
membership_criteria: >-
|
|
Open to libraries and cultural heritage organizations worldwide.
|
|
Membership includes governance rights (voting in Global Council),
|
|
access to member pricing for services, and participation in
|
|
cooperative programs.
|
|
governance_authority: >-
|
|
Governed by Global Council of elected library representatives.
|
|
Board of Trustees provides strategic oversight. Regional councils
|
|
for Americas, EMEA, and Asia Pacific. Annual Members Council meeting.
|
|
data_license_policy:
|
|
policy_name: "OCLC Data Usage Policy"
|
|
openness_stance: "MIXED_POLICY"
|
|
default_license: "proprietary-worldcat"
|
|
service_specific_licenses:
|
|
- service_name: "VIAF"
|
|
license: "odc-by-1.0"
|
|
- service_name: "WorldCat Identities"
|
|
license: "odc-by-1.0"
|
|
external_identifiers:
|
|
- "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q190593"
|
|
- "https://viaf.org/viaf/125315828"
|
|
website: "https://www.oclc.org/"
|
|
description: "OCLC as member-owned library cooperative with mixed data policy"
|
|
|
|
|
|
SocialMovement:
|
|
is_a: EncompassingBody
|
|
class_uri: schema:Organization
|
|
description: |
|
|
A value-driven movement organized around shared ideological principles,
|
|
with open participation and commitment to public benefit. Distinguished from
|
|
other types by ideological motivation and OPEN data policies as core value.
|
|
|
|
**Characteristics**:
|
|
- **Value-driven**: Ideological commitment to principles (free knowledge, openness)
|
|
- **Open participation**: Anyone can join/contribute based on shared values
|
|
- **Decentralized governance**: Community-driven decision making
|
|
- **Non-proprietary by design**: Open data is core value, not business decision
|
|
- **Global grassroots participation**: Often volunteer-driven
|
|
- **May include formal foundation**: Legal entity supports the movement
|
|
|
|
**CRITICAL: Data Openness Pattern**:
|
|
Social movements typically have FULLY OPEN data policies because:
|
|
- Openness is ideological value, not business strategy
|
|
- Mission centers on public access and benefit
|
|
- Data openness is prerequisite for participation
|
|
- No proprietary business model to protect
|
|
- "Information wants to be free" philosophy
|
|
|
|
**Examples**:
|
|
|
|
- **Wikimedia Foundation / Movement**
|
|
- Mission: "Free knowledge for everyone"
|
|
- Wikidata: CC0 (public domain)
|
|
- Wikipedia: CC-BY-SA (copyleft)
|
|
- Global volunteer contributor base (300,000+ active editors)
|
|
- Foundation supports movement, doesn't own content
|
|
|
|
- **Creative Commons**
|
|
- Mission: "Enable sharing and reuse"
|
|
- License steward and open advocate
|
|
- All materials openly licensed
|
|
|
|
- **Open Knowledge Foundation**
|
|
- Mission: "Promote open data worldwide"
|
|
- Advocacy for open access and transparency
|
|
- CKAN open source software
|
|
|
|
- **Mozilla Foundation / Movement**
|
|
- Mission: "Open, accessible internet for all"
|
|
- Firefox (open source browser)
|
|
- Open web standards advocacy
|
|
|
|
- **Internet Archive**
|
|
- Mission: "Universal access to all knowledge"
|
|
- Wayback Machine, Open Library
|
|
- Preservation and open access
|
|
|
|
**Distinction from Cooperative**:
|
|
- **SocialMovement**: Open participation, ideological commitment, open data
|
|
- **Cooperative**: Membership-based ownership, may have closed data
|
|
|
|
**Distinction from NetworkOrganisation**:
|
|
- **SocialMovement**: Value-driven, open participation
|
|
- **Network**: Service-driven, membership-based access
|
|
|
|
**Ontological Alignment**:
|
|
- Schema.org: `schema:Organization` (with movement characteristics)
|
|
- Sociological concept of "social movement"
|
|
- May have formal foundation (e.g., Wikimedia Foundation) but movement is broader
|
|
|
|
slot_usage:
|
|
organization_type:
|
|
range: EncompassingBodyTypeEnum
|
|
required: true
|
|
ifabsent: "string(SOCIAL_MOVEMENT)"
|
|
description: "Must be SOCIAL_MOVEMENT for SocialMovement class"
|
|
|
|
description:
|
|
required: true
|
|
description: |
|
|
Must describe the ideological values and mission of the movement.
|
|
Should explain the open participation model and commitment to openness.
|
|
|
|
service_offerings:
|
|
description: |
|
|
Services/platforms provided by the movement.
|
|
Typically all openly accessible (no subscription barriers).
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: "Wikidata (open knowledge base, CC0)"
|
|
- value: "Wikipedia (free encyclopedia, CC-BY-SA)"
|
|
- value: "Wikimedia Commons (free media repository)"
|
|
|
|
membership_criteria:
|
|
description: |
|
|
How to participate in the movement.
|
|
Typically open to anyone who shares the values - no formal membership.
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: >-
|
|
Open participation - anyone can edit Wikipedia, contribute to
|
|
Wikidata, or upload to Wikimedia Commons. No membership fee or
|
|
application process. Contribution governed by community policies.
|
|
|
|
governance_authority:
|
|
description: |
|
|
Community-driven governance model.
|
|
Describes how decisions are made within the movement.
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value: >-
|
|
Wikimedia projects are governed by community consensus.
|
|
The Wikimedia Foundation provides infrastructure and legal support
|
|
but does not control content. Movement governance through
|
|
affiliates, chapters, and community-elected bodies.
|
|
|
|
data_license_policy:
|
|
required: true
|
|
description: |
|
|
Data openness policy for the movement.
|
|
|
|
Social movements typically have STRONG_OPEN_ADVOCATE stance:
|
|
- All content openly licensed
|
|
- Openness is ideological requirement, not business option
|
|
- Active advocacy for open data in broader community
|
|
|
|
exact_mappings:
|
|
- schema:Organization
|
|
|
|
comments:
|
|
- "SocialMovement = value-driven, open participation, open data"
|
|
- "Distinguished from Cooperative (ideology vs. ownership)"
|
|
- "Distinguished from Network (values vs. services)"
|
|
- "Typically FULLY OPEN data policy (openness as core value)"
|
|
- "Examples: Wikimedia, Creative Commons, Open Knowledge Foundation, Mozilla"
|
|
|
|
examples:
|
|
- value:
|
|
id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/social-movement/wikimedia"
|
|
organization_name: "Wikimedia Foundation / Movement"
|
|
organization_type: "SOCIAL_MOVEMENT"
|
|
organization_legal_form: "501(c)(3) non-profit foundation supporting broader movement"
|
|
founding_date: "2003-06-20"
|
|
description: |
|
|
The Wikimedia movement is a global community of volunteers and
|
|
organizations dedicated to free knowledge. The movement operates
|
|
Wikipedia, Wikidata, Wikimedia Commons, and other free knowledge
|
|
projects. The Wikimedia Foundation provides infrastructure and
|
|
legal support but does not own or control the content created by
|
|
the volunteer community. The movement's core value is that knowledge
|
|
should be freely accessible to everyone.
|
|
service_offerings:
|
|
- "Wikipedia (free encyclopedia, 60M+ articles, 300+ languages)"
|
|
- "Wikidata (open knowledge base, 100M+ items, CC0)"
|
|
- "Wikimedia Commons (free media repository, 90M+ files)"
|
|
- "Wikisource (free library of source texts)"
|
|
- "Wiktionary (free dictionary)"
|
|
- "MediaWiki (open source wiki software)"
|
|
membership_criteria: >-
|
|
Open participation - anyone can edit Wikipedia, contribute to
|
|
Wikidata, or upload to Wikimedia Commons. No membership fee or
|
|
application. Contribution governed by community policies (neutral
|
|
point of view, verifiability, no original research). The movement
|
|
includes formal affiliates (chapters, user groups, thematic orgs).
|
|
governance_authority: >-
|
|
Wikimedia projects are governed by community consensus through
|
|
volunteer administrators, arbitration committees, and policy pages.
|
|
The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees provides strategic
|
|
oversight. Movement governance through affiliates, chapters, and
|
|
community-elected bodies (Movement Charter in development).
|
|
data_license_policy:
|
|
policy_name: "Wikimedia Foundation Open Content Policy"
|
|
openness_stance: "STRONG_OPEN_ADVOCATE"
|
|
default_license: "cc0-1.0"
|
|
service_specific_licenses:
|
|
- service_name: "Wikidata"
|
|
license: "cc0-1.0"
|
|
license_notes: "All structured data is public domain"
|
|
- service_name: "Wikipedia"
|
|
license: "cc-by-sa-4.0"
|
|
license_notes: "Text content is copyleft - derivatives must share alike"
|
|
- service_name: "Wikimedia Commons"
|
|
license_notes: "Varies by upload - must be free license (CC-BY, CC-BY-SA, CC0, or public domain)"
|
|
open_data_principles:
|
|
- "Free knowledge for everyone"
|
|
- "Open participation"
|
|
- "Neutral point of view"
|
|
advocacy_activities:
|
|
- "Open Access advocacy"
|
|
- "GLAM-Wiki partnerships"
|
|
- "Open data advocacy in policy forums"
|
|
- "Training librarians and cultural heritage professionals"
|
|
external_identifiers:
|
|
- "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q180"
|
|
- "https://viaf.org/viaf/305375908"
|
|
website: "https://www.wikimedia.org/"
|
|
description: "Wikimedia as social movement for free knowledge with fully open data policy"
|
|
|
|
|
|
FundingOrganisation:
|
|
is_a: EncompassingBody
|
|
class_uri: schema:FundingAgency
|
|
description: |
|
|
A grant-giving organization that provides FINANCIAL RESOURCES to heritage
|
|
custodians through funding schemes, grants, and subsidies. Distinguished from
|
|
other EncompassingBody types by the FINANCIAL relationship rather than governance,
|
|
services, or collaboration.
|
|
|
|
**Characteristics**:
|
|
- **Financial support**: Provides grants, subsidies, funding to custodians
|
|
- **Funding schemes**: Implements structured programs with application processes
|
|
- **No governance**: Does NOT govern recipients (unlike UmbrellaOrganisation)
|
|
- **No ongoing services**: Does NOT provide operational services (unlike NetworkOrganisation)
|
|
- **Evaluation and monitoring**: Assesses applications, monitors outcomes
|
|
- **Time-limited relationships**: Grant periods define relationship duration
|
|
|
|
**Relationship Model**:
|
|
Unlike other EncompassingBody types that have ongoing structural relationships,
|
|
FundingOrganisation has TRANSACTIONAL relationships:
|
|
- Funder → (awards grant) → Custodian
|
|
- Grant has start date, end date, amount, purpose
|
|
- Multiple custodians may receive funding simultaneously
|
|
- Same custodian may receive multiple grants over time
|
|
|
|
**Examples**:
|
|
|
|
- **Mondriaan Fund** (Mondriaan Fonds, Q2714299)
|
|
- Dutch public fund for visual arts and cultural heritage
|
|
- Instance of "funding body" (Q5509032) in Wikidata
|
|
- Provides grants for exhibitions, acquisitions, conservation
|
|
- Government-funded through Ministry of OCW, operates independently
|
|
|
|
- **European Research Council** (ERC, Q1377836)
|
|
- EU agency funding frontier research
|
|
- Starting Grants, Consolidator Grants, Advanced Grants
|
|
- Operates under Horizon Europe framework
|
|
|
|
- **Creative Europe** (Q17084973)
|
|
- EU programme supporting cultural and creative sectors
|
|
- 2021-2027 programming period
|
|
- Funds transnational cooperation projects
|
|
|
|
- **DC4EU** (Digital Credentials for Europe)
|
|
- EU Digital Europe Programme project
|
|
- Funds digital infrastructure for heritage sector
|
|
|
|
- **National Endowment for the Humanities** (NEH)
|
|
- US federal agency for humanities funding
|
|
- Preservation, research, public programs
|
|
|
|
- **Heritage Lottery Fund** (now National Lottery Heritage Fund)
|
|
- UK lottery distributor for heritage projects
|
|
- Major funder of UK heritage custodians
|
|
|
|
**Distinction from UmbrellaOrganisation**:
|
|
- **FundingOrganisation**: Provides money, NO governance authority
|
|
- **UmbrellaOrganisation**: Legal parent WITH governance authority
|
|
- A ministry may BOTH fund AND govern - in that case use UMBRELLA
|
|
(the governance relationship is primary)
|
|
|
|
**Distinction from NetworkOrganisation**:
|
|
- **FundingOrganisation**: One-way financial relationship (funder → recipient)
|
|
- **NetworkOrganisation**: Ongoing service provision relationship
|
|
|
|
**When a Ministry is UMBRELLA vs FUNDING_BODY**:
|
|
- Ministry of OCW → National Archives: UMBRELLA (governs)
|
|
- Ministry of OCW → Mondriaan Fund: UMBRELLA (governs the fund)
|
|
- Mondriaan Fund → Museum X: FUNDING_BODY (only provides grant)
|
|
|
|
**Ontological Alignment**:
|
|
- Schema.org: `schema:FundingAgency` - "An organization that implements
|
|
FundingSchemes and manages the granting process (via Grants)"
|
|
- Schema.org: `schema:FundingScheme` - structured funding programs
|
|
- Schema.org: `schema:Grant` / `schema:MonetaryGrant` - individual awards
|
|
- Wikidata: Q5509032 (funding body)
|
|
- FOAF: `foaf:fundedBy` (legacy, use schema:funder instead)
|
|
|
|
slots:
|
|
- implements_agenda
|
|
- issued_calls
|
|
- funding_focus
|
|
- funding_schemes
|
|
- total_annual_budget
|
|
- funding_source
|
|
- programme_period
|
|
|
|
slot_usage:
|
|
organization_type:
|
|
range: EncompassingBodyTypeEnum
|
|
required: true
|
|
ifabsent: "string(FUNDING_BODY)"
|
|
description: "Must be FUNDING_BODY for FundingOrganisation"
|
|
|
|
description:
|
|
required: true
|
|
description: |
|
|
Description of the funding organization's mission and focus areas.
|
|
Should explain what types of projects/custodians it funds.
|
|
|
|
implements_agenda:
|
|
slot_uri: org:linkedTo
|
|
range: uriorcurie
|
|
multivalued: true
|
|
inlined_as_list: true
|
|
description: |
|
|
Strategic agendas implemented by this funding organisation.
|
|
|
|
Links to FundingAgenda instances that define strategic priorities
|
|
guiding the organisation's funding decisions and call design.
|
|
|
|
**Relationship Chain**:
|
|
```
|
|
FundingAgenda (NWA, Horizon Europe SP)
|
|
│
|
|
└── implemented by → FundingOrganisation
|
|
│
|
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└── issues → CallForApplication[]
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```
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examples:
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- value: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/agenda/nl/nwa"
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description: "NWO implements Dutch Research Agenda"
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issued_calls:
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slot_uri: schema:makesOffer
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range: uriorcurie
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multivalued: true
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inlined_as_list: true
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description: |
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Funding calls issued by this organisation.
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Links to CallForApplication instances representing specific
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funding opportunities with defined budgets, deadlines, and criteria.
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**Inverse of CallForApplication.issuing_organisation**
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examples:
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- value: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/call/nwo/nwa-heritage-2025"
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description: "NWO NWA heritage call 2025"
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funding_focus:
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range: string
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multivalued: true
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description: |
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Focus areas for funding (heritage sectors, themes, activities).
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Examples: "Visual arts", "Conservation", "Digitization", "Research"
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examples:
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- value: "Visual arts and cultural heritage"
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- value: "Museum acquisitions"
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- value: "Conservation and restoration"
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- value: "Digital infrastructure"
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funding_schemes:
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range: string
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multivalued: true
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description: |
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Named funding programs offered by this organization.
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Each scheme typically has its own application process, criteria, and budget.
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examples:
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- value: "Project Grants for Museums"
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- value: "Conservation Subsidy Programme"
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- value: "Starting Grant"
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- value: "Consolidator Grant"
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total_annual_budget:
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range: string
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description: |
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Approximate annual budget for grants (for context).
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Format: "€X million" or "€X-Y million range"
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examples:
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- value: "€30 million"
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- value: "€2.5 billion (Horizon Europe ERC share)"
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funding_source:
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range: string
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description: |
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Where the funding organization gets its resources.
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Examples: "Government appropriation", "Lottery proceeds", "EU budget"
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examples:
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- value: "Dutch Ministry of OCW annual budget"
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- value: "Horizon Europe Framework Programme"
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- value: "National Lottery proceeds"
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programme_period:
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slot_uri: schema:temporalCoverage
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range: TimeSpan
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description: |
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Temporal period of the funding programme.
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**EU Programmes**: Use exact dates for 7-year programming periods.
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**Ongoing Funds**: Set start date, leave end null.
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Uses CIDOC-CRM E52_Time-Span pattern via TimeSpan class.
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examples:
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- value:
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begin_of_the_begin: "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"
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end_of_the_begin: "2021-01-01T00:00:00Z"
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begin_of_the_end: "2027-12-31T23:59:59Z"
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end_of_the_end: "2027-12-31T23:59:59Z"
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description: "2021-2027 EU programming period"
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member_custodians:
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description: |
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For FundingOrganisation, this represents FUNDED custodians, not members.
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Note: Unlike other EncompassingBody types where member_custodians
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represents ongoing membership, for FundingOrganisation this captures
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custodians that have received funding. Consider using Grant records
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for detailed funding relationships with temporal information.
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service_offerings:
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description: |
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Additional services beyond funding (if any).
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Many funding bodies also provide advisory services, training, etc.
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examples:
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- value: "Application guidance and coaching"
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- value: "Networking events for grantees"
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- value: "Outcome evaluation support"
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area_served:
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description: |
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Geographic scope of funding eligibility.
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Which countries/regions can apply for funding?
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examples:
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- value: "NL"
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description: "Netherlands only (Mondriaan Fund)"
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- value: "EU"
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description: "EU member states (Creative Europe)"
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- value: "GLOBAL"
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description: "Worldwide eligibility"
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exact_mappings:
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- schema:FundingAgency
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close_mappings:
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- schema:Organization
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comments:
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- "FundingOrganisation provides FINANCIAL RESOURCES, not governance or services"
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- "Relationship with custodians is transactional (grant-based)"
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- "Distinguished from UMBRELLA (no governance authority)"
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- "Distinguished from NETWORK (no ongoing services)"
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- "Use schema:funder property to link to funded custodians"
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examples:
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- value:
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id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/funding/mondriaan-fund"
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organization_name: "Mondriaan Fonds"
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organization_type: "FUNDING_BODY"
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organization_legal_form: "Public fund (publiekrechtelijk fonds)"
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founding_date: "1994-01-01"
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description: |
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The Mondriaan Fund is the Dutch public fund for visual arts and
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cultural heritage. It provides grants to artists, museums, archives,
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and heritage organizations for exhibitions, acquisitions, conservation,
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international exchange, and other cultural heritage activities.
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The fund is named after Dutch painter Piet Mondrian.
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funding_focus:
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- "Visual arts"
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- "Cultural heritage"
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- "Museum acquisitions"
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- "Conservation and restoration"
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- "International cultural exchange"
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- "Artist residencies"
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funding_schemes:
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- "Project Grants for Museums"
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- "Conservation Subsidy"
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- "International Heritage Programme"
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- "Acquisition Grants"
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total_annual_budget: "€30 million (approximate)"
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funding_source: "Dutch Ministry of OCW annual appropriation"
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area_served:
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- "NL"
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service_offerings:
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- "Application guidance"
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- "Networking events for grantees"
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- "Impact evaluation"
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membership_criteria: >-
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Eligibility depends on specific funding scheme. Generally: Dutch
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museums, archives, heritage organizations, and visual artists.
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International projects may have broader eligibility.
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external_identifiers:
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- "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2714299"
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website: "https://www.mondriaanfonds.nl/"
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description: "Mondriaan Fund as Dutch heritage funding organization"
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- value:
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id: "https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/encompassing-body/funding/erc"
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organization_name: "European Research Council"
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organization_type: "FUNDING_BODY"
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organization_legal_form: "EU executive agency"
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founding_date: "2007-02-27"
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description: |
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The European Research Council (ERC) is the premier European funding
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organisation for excellent frontier research. It funds researchers
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of any nationality and age who wish to carry out their research in
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EU Member States or Associated Countries. ERC grants are awarded
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through open competition to researchers in any field of research.
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funding_focus:
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- "Frontier research (all disciplines)"
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- "Principal investigator-driven research"
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- "High-risk/high-gain research"
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funding_schemes:
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- "Starting Grant (2-7 years post-PhD)"
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- "Consolidator Grant (7-12 years post-PhD)"
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- "Advanced Grant (established leaders)"
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- "Synergy Grant (small group collaboration)"
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- "Proof of Concept"
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total_annual_budget: "€2.5 billion (under Horizon Europe)"
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funding_source: "Horizon Europe Framework Programme (EU budget)"
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area_served:
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- "EU"
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- "EEA"
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- "Associated Countries"
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membership_criteria: >-
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Open to researchers of any nationality. Host institution must be
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in EU Member State or Horizon Europe Associated Country.
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Selection based on scientific excellence only.
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external_identifiers:
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- "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1377836"
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website: "https://erc.europa.eu/"
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description: "European Research Council as frontier research funding agency"
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