glam/schemas/20251121/linkml/modules/classes/Technique.yaml

id: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/class/Technique
name: Technique
title: Technique Class
description: "A technique or method used in a heritage activity.\n\nRepresents structured technique records with type classification, description,\nand provenance. Used for conservation treatments, examinations, production\nmethods, and documentation activities.\n\n**MIGRATION**: Created to support `uses_or_used_technique` slot per slot_fixes.yaml\n(Rule 53/56, 2026-01-16). Replaces unstructured `techniques_used` string values.\n\n**Ontology Alignment**:\n- class_uri: crm:E29_Design_or_Procedure\n- CIDOC-CRM: \"This class comprises documented or encoded procedures for\n  producing and executing activities.\"\n\n**Key Properties**:\n- has_type: Links to TechniqueType subclass (REQUIRED)\n- has_label: Human-readable technique name\n- has_description: Detailed description of technique application\n- include: Sub-steps or component techniques\n\n**Example**:\n```yaml\ntechnique:\n  has_type: SolventCleaning\n  has_label: \"Varnish removal with\
  \ acetone mixture\"\n  has_description: |\n    Removal of discolored natural resin varnish using\n    50:50 acetone/white spirit mixture applied with cotton swabs.\n    Working in small sections under magnification.\n```\n"
prefixes:
  linkml: https://w3id.org/linkml/
  hc: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/
  crm: http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/
  schema: http://schema.org/
  skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
  aat: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/
imports:
  - linkml:types
  - ../slots/has_description
  - ../slots/identified_by
  - ../slots/has_label
  - ../slots/has_type
  - ../slots/include
default_prefix: hc
classes:
  Technique:
    class_uri: crm:E29_Design_or_Procedure
    description: 'A technique or method used in a heritage activity.


      Provides structured representation of techniques with type classification,

      descriptions, and the ability to reference sub-techniques.

      '
    exact_mappings:
    - crm:E29_Design_or_Procedure
    close_mappings:
    - schema:HowTo
    - aat:300264237
    related_mappings:
    - crm:E55_Type
    slots:
    - identified_by
    - has_type
    - has_label
    - has_description
    - include
    slot_usage:
      identified_by:
        examples:
        - value: aat:300379752
        - value: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/technique/mauritshuis-670-1994-solvent-cleaning
      has_type:
#         range: string # uriorcurie
        required: true
        examples:
        - value: SolventCleaning
        - value: InfraredReflectography
        - value: TratteggioInpainting
      has_label:
        examples:
        - value: Varnish removal with acetone mixture
        - value: Tratteggio inpainting of paint losses
        - value: Macro XRF scanning
      has_description:
        examples:
        - value: 'Removal of discolored natural resin varnish using

            50:50 acetone/white spirit mixture. Applied with cotton swabs,

            working in small sections under 10x magnification.

            Solvent action monitored continuously.

            '
        - value: 'Tratteggio inpainting of losses using Gamblin conservation

            colors. Fine parallel brushstrokes at 45-degree angle,

            approximately 1mm spacing.

            '
      include:
#         range: string
        multivalued: true
        inlined_as_list: false # Fixed invalid inline for primitive type
        examples:
        - value:
            has_type: AqueousCleaning
            has_label: Initial surface cleaning
            has_description: Removal of surface grime with distilled water and cotton swabs
    comments:
    - Technique represents a procedure or method applied in heritage activities
    - Always requires has_type to classify the technique
    - Use include for complex multi-step procedures
    - Link to vocabulary terms (AAT) via identified_by when applicable
    see_also:
    - https://cidoc-crm.org/html/cidoc_crm_v7.1.3.html#E29
    - https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/aat/
    - https://collectionstrust.org.uk/spectrum/
    examples:
    - value:
        identified_by: https://nde.nl/ontology/hc/technique/mauritshuis-670-1994-solvent-cleaning
        has_type: SolventCleaning
        has_label: Varnish removal with acetone/white spirit mixture
        has_description: 'Removal of discolored natural resin varnish from Girl with a Pearl Earring.

          Used 50:50 acetone/white spirit mixture applied with cotton swabs.

          Working in small sections under 10x magnification, monitoring

          solvent action continuously to preserve original glazes.

          '
    - value:
        has_type: TratteggioInpainting
        has_label: Tratteggio inpainting of background losses
        has_description: 'Losses in dark background area in-painted using tratteggio technique.

          Fine parallel brushstrokes using Gamblin conservation colors.

          Distinguishable at close range but integrates at normal viewing distance.

          '
    - value:
        has_type: VacuumLining
        has_label: Vacuum table lining with BEVA 371
        has_description: "Canvas lined using vacuum hot table at 65\xB0C.\nBEVA 371 adhesive between original and new linen canvas.\nAtmospheric pressure maintained for 30 minutes during cooling.\n"
        include:
        - has_type: StructuralRepairTechnique
          has_label: Thread-by-thread tear mending
          has_description: Aligned torn threads and secured with wheat starch paste
    - value:
        has_type: XRayFluorescence
        has_label: MA-XRF elemental mapping
        has_description: "Macro X-ray fluorescence scanning to map elemental distribution.\nBruker M6 Jetstream scanner, 50kV, 600\u03BCA.\nScan area 67 x 60 cm at 650 \u03BCm resolution.\nIdentified lead white, vermilion, yellow ochre, natural ultramarine.\n"
    annotations:
      specificity_score: 0.1
      specificity_rationale: Generic utility class/slot created during migration
      custodian_types: "['*']"